Mixed mode delamination of polymer composite laminates reinforced through the thickness by z-fibers

Rugg, Kevin L.; Cox, Brian N.; Massabò, Roberta

doi:10.1016/s1359-835x(01)00109-9

Cited by 168 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Experimental studies on Z-pinned composite laminates have typically characterised arrays of pins through standard fracture toughness tests [5,7] and bespoke pull-out and shear tests [7][8][9]. However, due to the pin-to-pin interaction and to the large variation of the inserted pin quality and misalignment angles which arise from the manufacturing process [10], it is difficult to extract single pin behaviour from such tests and the final orientation of individual pins relative to the loading direction will be incidental rather than desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all these cases the TTR bridging models have been calibrated against experimental data carried out either on mode I pin array pull-out tests [16], standard mode I fracture toughness tests [7], T-Joint pull-out tests [2,5,6,15] or mode I and mode II single pin tests [11,14]. However, no single, complete set of data on a wide range of mode mixities and in different stacking sequences exists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental characterisation of mixed mode traction–displacement relationships for a single carbon composite Z-pin

Yasaee

Lander

Allegri

2014

Composites Science and Technology

103

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This paper presents an experimental characterisation of the mechanical performance and behaviour of through-thickness reinforced composite laminates. To achieve this, composite blocks with individual reinforcing pins were manufactured, quality assessed and tested. Individual specimens were inspected using X-ray ComputedTomography and only the specimens with acceptable quality pin insertions were tested experimentally under a range of mode mixities. Two stacking sequences, unidirectional (UD) and quasi-isotropic (QI) were investigated. It was found that the pins inside the UD samples experienced significantly larger pin/matrix bond strength than those in the QI laminates. The resulting experimental data indicates that a non-UD laminate type may experience pin pull-out and thus increased energy absorption for a wider range of mode mixities than a UD laminate type. Energy plots show a clear transition from a pull-out to a pin rupture region for both laminate types. Specimens that experienced pin rupture during low mode mixity tests exhibited similar failure energies to those loaded in pure mode II.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental characterisation of mixed mode traction–displacement relationships for a single carbon composite Z-pin

Yasaee

Lander

Allegri

2014

Composites Science and Technology

103

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“…Experimental studies to examine the toughness enhancement mechanisms by throughthickness fibres can be found in [2,3]. To enable a better physical understanding of the effectiveness of z-reinforcement, beam theory has been applied to study theoretically the through-thickness reinforced DCB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study on the mode I delamination toughness of z-pinned laminates

Yan

Liu

Mai

2003

Composites Science and Technology

107

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A finite element (FE) model is developed to investigate mode I delamination toughness of zpin reinforced composite laminates. The z-pin pull-out process is simulated by the deformation of a set of non-linear springs. A critical crack opening displacement (COD) criterion is used to simulate crack growth in a double-cantilever-beam (DCB) made of zpinned laminates. The toughness of the structure is quantified by the energy release rate, which is calculated using the contour integral method. The FE model is verified for both unpinned and z-pinned laminates. Predicted loading forces from FE analysis are compared to available test data. Good agreement is achieved. Our numerical results indicate that z-pins can greatly increase the mode I delamination toughness of the composite laminates. The influence of design parameters on the toughness enhancement of z-pinned laminates is also * Corresponding author (Fax: 61 2 9351 7060; Email: w.yan@aeromech.usyd.edu.au). 2 investigated, which provides important information to optimise and improve the z-pinning technique.

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“…For composites reinforced by Z-pins the majority characterisation work has been conducted on specimens containing a single embedded delamination using single pin tests [18][19][20] or simple fracture tests such as DCB, ENF, ELS, MMB tests [2,[21][22][23]. However, in practical engineering applications, composite structures seldom fail through a single delamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Z-pins with Multiple Mode II Delaminations in Composite Laminates

2016

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms AbstractThe application of Z-pinning is a subject of great interest in the field of through-thickness reinforcement (TTR) of composite laminates. To date, the majority of Z-pin characterisation work has been conducted on fracture coupons containing a single embedded delamination, which is often not representative of real failure of reinforced composite structures in service. In this investigation a test procedure to produce two independent Mode II delaminations was developed to analyse their interaction with a region of Z-pin reinforcement.Initially numerical models were used to optimise the chosen configuration. Experimental results show in detail the response of Z-pins to two independent delaminations. These results highlight the ability of the Z-pins to effectively arrest mode II delaminations at multiple levels through the sample thickness.Additionally they provide a much needed data set for validation and verification of Z-pin numerical modelling tools.

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Mixed mode delamination of polymer composite laminates reinforced through the thickness by z-fibers

Cited by 168 publications

References 13 publications

Experimental characterisation of mixed mode traction–displacement relationships for a single carbon composite Z-pin

Experimental characterisation of mixed mode traction–displacement relationships for a single carbon composite Z-pin

Numerical study on the mode I delamination toughness of z-pinned laminates

Interaction of Z-pins with Multiple Mode II Delaminations in Composite Laminates

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