Mixed-species legume fallows affect faunal abundance and richness and N cycling compared to single species in maize-fallow rotations

Sileshi, Gudeta W.; Mafongoya, Paramu; Chintu, R.; Akinnifesi, Festus K.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.09.007

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…bras., Brasília, v.51, n.9, p.1140-1147, set. 2016 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2016000900013 consórcio oferece maior densidade de cobertura do solo e, em relação aos resíduos culturais, disponibiliza maior diversificação de alimento à fauna edáfica e aos microrganismos por meio da variedade de propriedades químicas que proporciona (Sileshi et al, 2008). A fauna edáfica estabeleceu maior número de associações nos sistemas em consórcio do que nos cultivos solteiros, por estar diretamente sujeita tanto à cobertura viva quanto aos resíduos promovidos pelo consórcio, que podem ser mais ou menos biodisponíveis à decomposição enzimática (Silva et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Efeitos positivos da diversidade de plantas sobre o Cmic são atribuídos, principalmente, à adição de leguminosa no consórcio (Milcu et al, 2008). Além disso, fontes de C e N encontradas em proporção variada, pela combinação de resíduos, como constatado no presente trabalho, contribuem para aumentar o Cmic (Sileshi et al, 2008;Silva et al, 2010), a resistência ao estresse e a homeostase do solo (Montecchia et al, 2011). Neste sentido, a fauna e os microrganismos do solo também atuam no controle biológico de doenças e pragas (Paul et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A inclusão do cultivo de planta leguminosa no agroecossistema aumenta a fertilidade do solo por meio do incremento de C e N, bem como da redução de perdas de nutrientes (Sileshi et al, 2008). O incremento em N oferecido pela leguminosa é importante para a fauna e os microrganismos, pois constitui importante fonte de nutrição para o crescimento, o desenvolvimento e a fecundidade dos animais (Parra et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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Fauna e atributos microbiológicos de um Argissolo sob sistemas de cobertura no Sul do Brasil

Almeida

Bayer

Almeida

2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, em experimento de longa duração, a fauna edáfica e os atributos microbiológicos de um Argissolo Vermelho sob sistemas de cobertura em plantio direto. O trabalho foi realizado em Eldorado do Sul, RS, após 27 anos de implantação de experimento para avaliação dos seguintes sistemas de cultivo: A/M, aveia/milho; E/M, ervilhaca/milho; AE/M, aveia-preta + ervilhaca/milho; AE/MC, aveia-preta + ervilhaca/milho + feijão-caupi; e L/M, lablab/milho. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. As amostragens da fauna edáfica, realizadas por armadilhas "pitfall", e dos atributos microbiológicos foram feitas no pós-manejo das coberturas, na primavera; durante o ciclo do milho, no verão; na pós-colheita do milho, no outono; e durante o ciclo das coberturas, no inverno. A inclusão de leguminosa em consórcio ou em sucessão de coberturas promoveu a ocorrência de organismos da fauna edáfica e aumentou C e N da biomassa microbiana, o que favoreceu o potencial de ciclagem e a disponibilidade de nutrientes. O sistema A/M de cobertura com gramíneas favoreceu as ordens Diptera, Hemiptera e Diplopoda. De forma geral, no plantio direto, os melhores sistemas de cobertura são os que incluem leguminosa.Termos para indexação: bioindicadores, biomassa microbiana, consórcio de coberturas, organismos edáficos, plantio direto, qualidade do solo. Fauna and microbial attributes of an Ultisol under cover crop systems in the South of BrazilAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate, in a long-term experiment, the fauna and microbiological attributes of an Ultisol under no-tillage cover crop. The study was carried out in Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil, after 27 years of implantation of an experiment evaluating the following crop systems: O/C, oat/corn; V/C, vetch/corn; OV/C, oat + vetch/corn; OV/CP, oat + vetch/corn + cowpea; and L/M, lablab/corn. A randomized complete block design was used, with three replicates. Samplings of fauna, performed with pitfalls, and of microbiological attributes were done after cover crop management, in spring; during corn crop cycle, in summer; after corn crop harvest, in autumn; and during cover crop cycle, in winter. The inclusion of legume intercropped or in succession to cover crops promoted the occurrence of edaphic fauna and increased microbial biomass C and N, which favored cycling potential and nutrient availability. The O/C cover crop system with grasses favored the Diptera, Hemiptera, and Diplopoda orders. Overall, the best cover crop systems under notillage are those with legume inclusion.

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Fauna e atributos microbiológicos de um Argissolo sob sistemas de cobertura no Sul do Brasil

Almeida

Bayer

Almeida

2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Local land-use (Paoletti and Hassall, 1999;Souty-Grosset et al, 51 2005), microclimate (soil humidity, temperature), pH (Warburg 52 et al, 1984;Hopkin and Read, 1992;Zimmer et al, 2001) Smith et al, 2008Smith et al, , 2009Kuussaari et al, 2011;Kovács-Hostyánszki 68 and Báldi, 2012; Toivonen et al, 2013 (Pollard, 1968;Altieri, 1994Altieri, , 1999Sileshi et al, 2008;Kovács-72 Hostyánszki et al, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of set-aside management on soil macrodecomposers in Hungary

Tóth

Hornung

Báldi

et al. 2016

Applied Soil Ecology

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A B S T R A C TIncreased agricultural production demands have decreased the area of set-aside fields in the European Union during the last decade. In contrast, set-aside still remains a management practice in Hungary, where the establishment of sown set-aside fields is a requirement of certain agri-environmental schemes in high nature value areas (HNVA). We tested the effects of set-aside management on the communities of macrodecomposer arthropods: isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea) and millipedes (Diplopoda). We assessed the effects of habitat type, plant species richness and vegetation cover on species richness and abundance of these taxa. Pairs of wheat and set-aside fields of different ages (1, 2, 3 years) and additional seminatural grasslands were sampled using pitfall traps. Isopods showed a significantly higher species richness and abundance in set-aside fields compared to wheat fields. Older set-aside fields had a more positive influence on the diversity and abundance of the studied macrodecomposers than one-year-old fields. Three-year-old set-aside fields had significantly higher species richness of millipedes compared to grasslands. Plant diversity had a significant positive effect on almost all species while vegetation cover showed significant influence in the case of Brachyiulus bagnalli,Iulus terrestris and Leptoiulus cibdellus. Habitat type and plant species richness significantly affected the composition of macrodecomposer communities. Our results highlight the importance of set-aside fields as habitats for soil arthropods, particularly after an initial establishment period of two years. Set-aside fields that are out of a crop rotation for more than 2 years could be a valuable option for establishing ecological focus areas under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 2013 reform in the EU, as these fields may simultaneously conserve elements of above-and belowground diversity.2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.

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“…There should also be a lower NO x emission derived from BNF, and thus lower glasshouse effects, because all of the N is in an organic form by defi nition and, thus, should not be available for denitrifi cation most of the time (Jensen et al 2012 ). This consideration is also important when considering that there is an international tendency to demand a more sustainable agriculture with less resource consumption for a given yield level, which could be maximized through further use of BNF as a rule in agricultural systems (Wilkins 2008 ), and if non-BNF advantages of legume inclusion are considered, such as the reduction in disease incidence or nutrient mining of deeper layers allowed by their greater root system (Sileshi et al 2008 ;Köpke and Nemecek 2010 ;Fornara 2011 ).…”

Section: Bnf Inputs To Agricultural Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%