Mixing and Heat Transfer of Granular Materials in an Externally Heated Rotary Kiln

Abstract

A heat transfer model based on the discrete element software EDEM and the secondary development tool C++ is developed to simulate the mixing and heat transfer process of particles under different parameters. This model is validated by comparison with experimental data and proved reasonable. It aims to study the heat transfer law of flowing particles in an externally heated rotary kiln and reveal the correlation between mixing and heat transfer from the mechanism. The results show that the combination of the total contact area between adherent particles and the drum wall, the mean temperature difference between adherent particles and the drum wall, the total contact area between particles, and the mean temperature difference between particles affect the heat transfer process. Changes in the temperature differences caused by the mixing rate dominate the heat transfer at different speeds or filling rates.

A review on flow and segregation of granular materials during heap formation

“…In addition, this analysis concentrates on the basic system (almost two-dimensional rectangular bin) in which particles are spherical in shape and air is the interstitial fluid with a marginal impact. During the transport of ingredients, rotary kiln mixing, crushing and grinding, mechanical separation, etc., the movement of granular material is encountered in different industries [6]. During the flow, the effects of granular materials vary, causing issues in different industries.…”

Mixing of Bi-Dispersed Milli-Beads in a Rotary Drum. Mechanical Segregation Analyzed by Lab-Scale Experiments and DEM Simulation

“…Very recently, Zhang et al [8] investigated the mixing and heat transfer process of particulate solid in an externally heated rotary kiln by using EDEM software with user-defined routines. Instead of a segregation index based on number fraction of a given bead class in arbitrary chosen control volumes, used by all the authors cited above, they used a new mixing index based on a number of contacts between the beads.…”