Mixing Time in a Cylindrical Bath Agitated by Gas Injection through an L-shaped Top Lance in the Absence of Swirl Motion

Abstract

Experimental investigations are carried out on mixing time in a water bath agitated by side gas injection with an L-shaped lance. The mixing time is measured using an electrical conductivity sensor and an aqueous KCl solution as a tracer. Particular attention is paid to bath agitation under the conditions that any kinds of swirl motions of a bubbling jet do not appear. An empirical equation is proposed for the mixing time as a function of the gas flow rate, bath diameter, bath depth, and the physical properties of water by referring to a previously proposed empirical equation for mixing time in a bath agitated by J-shaped top lance gas injection. The equation is compared with an empirical equation proposed for a bath in the presence of a swirl motion of the deep-water wave type.

Liquid Mixing Characteristics in Top-Blown Process

“…Wang et al [10] found that the air flow rate and lance submergence depth can significantly influence the liquid mixing process and the liquid phase temperature field distribution, which provides a theoretical support for the operation of the furnace. The influencing factors of mixing time in submerged top-blow process were studied by water model experi-ment [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], it can be concluded that air flow rate, molten bath depth, lance submergence depth and inner diameter of the lance are the main influencing factors. Previous studies are significant, but lack of intuitive description of liquid mixing behavior and barely research on local mixing behavior in experiments.…”

Effect of Melt Superheat and Alloy Size on the Mixing Phenomena in Argon‐Stirred Steel Ladles

“…Argon-stirred ladles are commonly used in the secondary refining [1] to homogenize chemical compositions and the temperature [2][3][4][5] , to remove inclusions, [6,7] and to enhance the slag-metal reactions. [8][9][10] Many publications have been done to investigate the mixing phenomena in argonstirred ladles experimentally [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and numerically, [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] but less of them coupled the melting of alloy particles.…”

“…Water modeling [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] was usually adopted to study the hydrodynamics and mixing phenomena in gas stirred ladles. Murthy and Elliott [12] examined the definition of mixing time and analyzed the reported concentration vs. time traces to determine mixing time.…”

“…Mandal et al carried out an experimental investigation on mixing phenomena in a ladles fitted with dual plugs. Kochi et al carried out an experiment to investigated the mixing time in a water bath agitated by side gas injection with an L‐shaped lance. Ogawa and Onou measured the mixing time and slag‐metal masstransfer coefficient in gas bubbling and induction stirring by water model and plant scale experiments.…”

Comparison of Mixing Time Values between Gas Injections from Centered and Off-centered L-shaped Top Lance in the Presence of Swirl Motion

“…These problems can readily be solved when a top lance is used. In previous papers 4,5) the authors proposed a method of side gas injection through an L-shaped top lance and carried out water model experiments on the occurrence condition of a swirl motion of the deep-water wave type and on mixing time, Tm. First, the exit of the L-shaped top lance was placed on the centerline of a cylindrical vessel containing de-ionized water.…”