d-wave checkerboard order in cuprates

Abstract

We show that a d-wave ordering in particle-hole channel, dubbed as d-wave checkerboard order, possesses important physics that can sufficiently explain the STM results in cuprates. A weak dwave checkerboard order can effectively suppress the coherence peak in the single-particle spectrum while leaving the spectrum along nodal direction almost unaffected. Simultaneously, it generates a Fermi arc with little dispersion around nodal points at finite temperature that is consistent with the results of ARPES experiments in the pseudogap phase. We also show that there is a general complementary connection between the d-wave checkerboard order and the pair density wave order. Suppressing superconductivity locally or globally through phase fluctuation should induce both orders in underdoped cuprates and explain the nodal-antinodal dichotomy observed in ARPES and STM experiments.

Atomic-scale electronic structure of the cuprate d-symmetry form factor density wave state

“…Such a state is then described by A(r) = D(r) cos(φ(r) + φ 0 (r)), where A(r) represents whatever is the modulating electronic degree of freedom, φ(r) = Q x · r is the DW spatial phase at location r, φ 0 (r) represents disorder related spatial phase shifts, and D(r) is the magnitude of the d-symmetry form factor 14,21,23 . To distinguish between the various microscopic mechanisms proposed for the Q = (Q, 0); (0, Q) dFF-DW state of cuprates [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] , it is essential to establish its atomic-scale phenomenology, including the momentum space (k-space) eigenstates contributing to its spectral weight, the relationship (if any) between modulations occurring above and below the Fermi energy, whether the modulating states in the DW are associated with a characteristic energy gap, and how the dFF-DW evolves with doping.To visualize such phenomena directly as in Fig. 1c, we use sublattice-phase-resolved imaging of the electronic structure 14 of the CuO 2 plane.…”

“…This is relevant to the high-temperature superconducting cuprates because numerous researchers have recently proposed that the 'pseudogap' regime 1,2 (PG in Fig. 1a) contains an unconventional density wave with a d-symmetry form factor [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] . The basic phenomenology of such a state is that intraunit-cell (IUC) symmetry breaking renders the O x and O y sites within each CuO 2 unit-cell electronically inequivalent, and that this inequivalence is then modulated periodically at wavevector Q parallel to (1,0);(0,1).…”

High-Resolution Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Vortex Cores in Inhomogeneous Electronic States of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox

“…16) The latter means that the vortex core states locally have the C 2 symmetry instead of the C 4 symmetry of the CuO 2 unit cell. Many theoretical models [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] have been proposed to explain these experimental findings, but the vortex core states in Bi2212 are far from being understood.Vortex cores in Bi2212 are situated in inhomogeneous electronic states. The energy gap Á, measured by STS, varies by about 3 times in magnitude on a length scale of about 2 nm.…”

Symmetry of the charge density wave in cuprates

“…Evaluation of the renormalized quartic coefficients from Eqs. (19) and (20) leads to a refined version of the instability diagram shown in Fig. 8.…”

“…Although a number of theories for these observations have been proposed, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] the nature of the modulated state is still debated. The modulations are strongest in the underdoped region of the phase diagram, a faithful description of which could be a difficult task.…”