Mobile assisted directional paging for 5G communications

Abstract

Directional fifth‐generation communication is expected to be a paradigm shift from previous wireless generations under the flagship of very high millimeter‐wave carrier frequencies. In a directional millimeter‐wave air interface, communication takes place through multiple transmitting/receiving beams, as one beam can only provide a limited coverage. However, Long‐Term Evolution/Long‐Term Evolution Advanced is primarily designed and optimized for omnidirectional air interface. In a directional interface, transmitting the same paging information through multiple transmitting beams would substantially increase the downlink resource overheads of the network. We propose a mobile assisted directional paging (MDP) as an effective solution to mitigate the problem of an overwhelming paging resource requirement in directional fifth‐generation communications. We also propose to improve power saving at user equipment in an MDP‐based idle‐state discontinuous reception. By capturing various paging rates, we perform a numerical analysis of paging capacity. The MDP achieves around 20% to 90% gain, respectively, for 16 to 256 number of beams compared with a directional paging without any assistance from the mobiles. The analytical results are validated through simulations on the real traffic trace.

Directional Paging for 5G Communications Based on Partitioned User ID

“…The paging mechanism is instigated at the MME of the tracking area, and subsequently, the paging message is notified to all eNBs in the TA. Hence, the paging messages are broadcasted in the configured POs for all the cells associated with the last updated TA [ 10 ]. Paging procedures along with TA update incur more than of the total signaling load that is managed by the MME in the legacy LTE networks [ 11 ].…”

“…In [ 25 ], the UE informs about its beam to the gNB by uploading an indication for reducing paging resources. An extension of this work is presented in [ 10 ], where the effect of the proposed indication on the energy savings of the UE is evaluated. In [ 10 ], the resource savings at the network is achieved at the cost of the increase in energy expenditure at the UE.…”

“…An extension of this work is presented in [ 10 ], where the effect of the proposed indication on the energy savings of the UE is evaluated. In [ 10 ], the resource savings at the network is achieved at the cost of the increase in energy expenditure at the UE. The increase in energy expense at the UE motivated us to propose the PIDP mechanism, an alternate paging scheme for directional 5G communications.…”

“…However, simultaneous transmission over all the beams is nonviable due to limited number of antenna panels at the gNB (5G base station is known as next generation NodeB (gNB)) [ 8 ]. In mmWave 5G communications, beam sweeping is performed to cover a spatial area by transmitting various beams in different time slots in a deliberate fashion [ 8 , 10 ]. Thus, directional paging transmission over several beams would require multiple time slots to cover the entire cell, while legacy omnidirectional broadcast is possible in only one time slot per Paging Occasion (PO) [ 10 ].…”

“…In mmWave 5G communications, beam sweeping is performed to cover a spatial area by transmitting various beams in different time slots in a deliberate fashion [ 8 , 10 ]. Thus, directional paging transmission over several beams would require multiple time slots to cover the entire cell, while legacy omnidirectional broadcast is possible in only one time slot per Paging Occasion (PO) [ 10 ]. This is a crucial challenge since the network’s resource requirement for paging transmission would increase with the increase of the number of beams in directional 5G communications.…”