“…Nowadays smartphones are equipped with more and more advanced positioning technologies ( Knoop, Bakker, Tiberius, & Arem, 2017 ; Liu, Cruz, Ruptash, Barnard, & Juzwishin, 2017 ; Mou, Westland, Phan, & Tan, 2020 ; Wen, Chang, & Wan, 2016 ). A user’s location information could be used by application (APP) developers to provide tailored services ( Ning, Guo, Cheng, & Meng, 2009 ). These types of technology applications are Location-Based Services (LBS).…”