Mobility and resource use influence the occurrence of pollinating insects in restored seminatural grassland fragments

Öckinger, Erik; Winsa, Marie; Roberts, Stuart P. M.; Bommarco, Riccardo

doi:10.1111/rec.12646

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…How structural and functional components are related is key to improve our understanding of habitat connectivity for whole communities and their potential consequences (Öckinger et al. ). Geographical distance is the most obvious component of structural connectivity in a habitat network, while non‐geographical distance, such as compositional distance in terms of shared resources among fragments, will determine functional connectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape connectivity explains interaction network patterns at multiple scales

Santos

Cagnolo

Roslin

et al. 2019

Ecology

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Under a metacommunity framework, the spatial configuration of habitat fragments could determine local community structure. Yet, quantifying fragment connectivity is challenging, as it depends on multiple variables at several geographical scales. We assessed the extent to which fragment connectivity and area explain patterns in interaction structure among four herbivore guilds and their host plants in a metacommunity. We propose an integrative connectivity metric including geographic distance, neighboring fragment area and similarity in resource composition as an extension of Hanski's classic metric. We then used nonlinear models to assess whether fragment connectivity and area predicted link richness and similarity in link composition. We found that link richness was always negatively related to connectivity but at different geographic scales depending on the herbivore guild. In contrast, while link composition was also related to connectivity, the direction and strength of this relationship varied among herbivore guilds and type of link composition (qualitative or quantitative). Furthermore, focal fragment area was not an important determinant of interaction diversity in local communities. Our findings emphasize resource similarity as a novel dimension of fragment connectivity relevant in explaining interaction diversity patterns in natural trophic networks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape connectivity explains interaction network patterns at multiple scales

Santos

Cagnolo

Roslin

et al. 2019

Ecology

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“…, Öckinger et al. ). For the second objective, we predicted to find tightly linked functional groups, because bee species with similar functional traits could be more prone to visit plant species also with similar traits as a result of coevolutionary processes (Olesen et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…) and restored habitats (Kremen and M'Gonigle , Öckinger et al. ). The functional effects of pollinator communities may also vary in response to different restoration activities, and a way to analyze such changes is through a network approach, which makes it possible to visualize the structure of the dynamics between plant and pollinator species so that the consequences of the addition or loss of species in the face of restoration and other environmental changes can be predicted (Forup et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hypothesized that bee trait assemblages in restoration plantings would differ less from primary forest communities than from those in the more disturbed areas, with species with higher restrictions on mobility, nesting, and foraging being the most affected (Kremen and M'Gonigle , Öckinger et al. ). We also compared bee functional traits in sampling sites with different surrounding cover areas of primary forest with the expectation to find a negative effect of source habitat isolation on the functional responses of bee pollinators (Öckinger et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also compared bee functional traits in sampling sites with different surrounding cover areas of primary forest with the expectation to find a negative effect of source habitat isolation on the functional responses of bee pollinators (Öckinger et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bee pollinator functional responses and functional effects in restored tropical forests

Montoya-Pfeiffer

Rodrigues

Alves-dos-Santos

2020

Ecological Applications

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Wild pollinators are necessary for ensuring plant reproduction, not only among crop fields but also remnant and restored ecosystems. Restoration activities should, therefore, lead to wild pollinator recovery, and thus be monitored to evaluate effects on pollinator diversity and functionality. We assessed bee pollinator functional responses in restoration plantings by creating functional groups (traits: body size, nesting location, sociality, and foraging strategy), comparing their abundance and diversity to that of other habitats (i.e., conserved and degraded primary forest fragments, anthropogenic wetlands, and sugarcane fields), and testing for an effect of source habitat (i.e., primary forest fragments) isolation. We analyzed functional effects on pollen transportation by identifying the pollen grains attached on the bodies of bees; creating plant functional groups with the identified species (traits: habit, successional class, geographic origin, and pollination mode); comparing their frequency, diversity, and interaction network structure among habitats; and searching for key interactions in network modules. In general, the abundance and diversity of bee communities and the frequency and diversity of the interacting plant species in restoration plantings were lower than those in primary forest fragments but higher than those in anthropogenic wetlands and sugarcane fields, suggesting that restoration plantings better enhance bee community recovery and functionality than other disturbed habitats. The interacting bees and plants were also negatively affected by habitat isolation, demonstrating the importance of primary forest fragments to supply bee populations to restored sites. The structure of interaction networks was little affected by habitat change and isolation, but the composition and diversity of functional groups varied significantly. There were more effects on larger bee species with more restricted nesting and floral requirements, and the woody species with which they interact most frequently. We identified key functional groups of bee pollinators that deserve priority for conservation because they play an important role in the pollen transportation of some the most relevant species in remnant forests and restoration plantings and also respond more negatively to habitat disturbances. Restoration efforts should include provisioning of nesting resources and management and conservation of primary forest remnant fragments that represent source habitats for them.

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Long‐term restoration success of insect herbivore communities in seminatural grasslands: a functional approach

Neff

Resch

Marty

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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Seminatural grasslands are important biodiversity hotspots, but they are increasingly degraded by intensive agriculture. Grassland restoration is considered to be promising in halting the ongoing loss of biodiversity, but this evaluation is mostly based on plant communities. Insect herbivores contribute substantially to grassland biodiversity and to the provisioning of a variety of ecosystem functions. However, it is unclear how they respond to different measures that are commonly used to restore seminatural grasslands from intensively used agricultural land. We studied the long‐term success of different restoration techniques, which were originally targeted at reestablishing seminatural grassland plant communities, for herbivorous insect communities on taxonomic as well as functional level. Therefore, we sampled insect communities 22 yr after the establishment of restoration measures. These measures ranged from harvest and removal of biomass to removal of the topsoil layer and subsequent seeding of plant propagules. We found that insect communities in restored grasslands had higher taxonomic and functional diversity compared to intensively managed agricultural grasslands and were more similar in composition to target grasslands. Restoration measures including topsoil removal proved to be more effective, in particular in restoring species characterized by functional traits susceptible to intensive agriculture (e.g., large‐bodied species). Our study shows that long‐term success in the restoration of herbivorous insect communities of seminatural grasslands can be achieved by different restoration measures and that more invasive approaches that involve the removal of the topsoil layer are more effective. We attribute these restoration successes to accompanying changes in the plant community, resulting in bottom‐up control of the herbivore community. Our results are of critical importance for management decisions aiming to restore multi‐trophic communities, their functional composition and consequently the proliferation of ecosystem functions.

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Mobility and resource use influence the occurrence of pollinating insects in restored seminatural grassland fragments

Cited by 25 publications

References 58 publications

Landscape connectivity explains interaction network patterns at multiple scales

Landscape connectivity explains interaction network patterns at multiple scales

Bee pollinator functional responses and functional effects in restored tropical forests

Long‐term restoration success of insect herbivore communities in seminatural grasslands: a functional approach

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