Mode-controlled spectral transformation of femtosecond laser pulses in microstructure fibers

Microstructure-fiber frequency converters

“…2b) can, therefore, function as multiplex frequency upconverters (Fig. 3), providing high efficiencies of nonlinear-optical spectral transformation even in the case of nano-and subnanojoule ultrashort laser pulses [39].…”

Supercontinuum generation in a microstructured optical fiber by picosecond self Q-switched mode-locked Nd:GdVO4 laser

“…Besides, the Cherenkov emission is ideally suited for selective coupling into the high order guided modes in MFs that are both experimentally and numerically demonstrated [11]. Through the mode control, the switching between the regime of broadband emission generation and the regime of isolated spectral components are experimentally observed [12]. In addition, a nonlinear transformation of pulses into higher order mode of a specifically designed few-mode MFs will produce highquality spectrally isolated hollow beams [13].…”

“…When the femtosecond laser is launched into the nonlinear MFs, various nonlinear optical effects including self-phase modulation (SPM), modulation instability (MI), higher-order soliton breakup, self-frequency shift by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), and four-wave mixing (FWM), etc., will be induced to cause spectral broadening [5][6][7][8][9] or optical frequency conversion [3,4,[10][11][12][13]. The anti-Stokes emission from MFs can be efficiently generated by modifying the air holes and controlling the bire-fringent [3,4,10].…”