Mode-locked fiber laser using graphene on silicon waveguide

Wong, Chi Yan; Cheng, Zhenzhou; Shi, Zerui; Chen, Yi Min; Xu, Ke; Tsang, Hon Ki

doi:10.1109/group4.2013.6644477

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The only previous report, to the best of our knowledge, related to the use of graphene with integrated photonics for fiber laser mode locking is the one by Wong et al, 30) in which graphene covered Si waveguides were used to mode lock a fiber laser. However, that report does not discuss the influence of different lengths of graphene on mode locking, or the influence of non-linear polarization rotation (NPR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterned graphene on SiN waveguides for mode locking of fiber lasers

Kovačević

Shirahata

et al. 2018

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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In this paper, we report our results on the use of patterned graphene on SiN waveguides inside an erbium doped fiber ring laser cavity for passive mode locking. We confirm the dominant influence of graphene over non-linear polarization rotation (NPR), arising from polarizing fiber to chip grating couplers, by observing the limits of NPR in high cavity loss fiber lasers. We fabricated waveguides, transferred and patterned graphene to three different lengths, and observed different types of pulses based on the length of graphene, pump power and polarization state of the cavity. We confirmed the success of graphene processing through Raman scattering and saturable absorption measurements, as well graphene absorption simulation. High chip-coupling loss was overcome by using multiple erbium-doped fiber amplifiers. We believe this research will stimulate further interest in combining integrated photonics and fiber laser technologies, and the miniaturization of pulsed laser cavities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterned graphene on SiN waveguides for mode locking of fiber lasers

Kovačević

Shirahata

et al. 2018

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…19, 3077-3083 (2009) wet and dry chemical methods (Lee et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2021). Furthermore, the guided-mode excitation scheme did not remain limited to fiber only: starting from 2013, also on-chip waveguides made of silicon and silicon nitride were enriched with graphene placed along the waveguide surface to demonstrate saturable absorption within a laser cavity (Wong et al, 2013;Kovacevic et al, 2018;and Deng et al, 2021). The advantage of graphene-on-waveguide saturable absorbers is that the waveguides' tiny modal area below 1 μm 2 can reduce the saturation pulse energy to less than 1 pJ (Deng et al, 2021).…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These feature a smaller modal area than fibers and as such, the combination of graphene with onchip waveguides allows reducing the saturation pulse energies down to sub-pJ values (Deng et al, 2021). However, placing a saturable absorber based on a photonic chip rather than a fibe within a fibe laser cavity results in higher insertion losses because of the ineffi cient fiber-to-chi coupling used so far, with typically at least 5 dB loss per interface (Wong et al, 2013;Kovacevic et al, 2018;and Deng et al, 2021). Recent advances in optical interconnect manufacturing, such as two-photon polymerization-fabricated fiber-to-chi coupling structures with reduced coupling losses around 1.5 dB (Vanmol et al, 2020), could provide a solution for this issue.…”

Section: Exploiting Graphene's Nonlinear Optics: Opportunities and Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on nonlinear optics of graphene: Opportunities and challenges

Vermeulen

2022

APL Photonics

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The firs nonlinear-optical experiments with graphene date back over a decade, and a wide range of research breakthroughs has been reported since then, particularly on the third-order nonlinearities of the material. Graphene has been shown to exhibit extraordinary saturable absorption properties as well as extremely strong nonlinear refraction effects, both of which hold promise for practical use in nonlinear-optical devices. In this Perspective, after providing a very brief overview of the state of the art, I elaborate on the most relevant material parameters for future research and development activities in this domain, while also highlighting specifi features of graphene's linear and nonlinear-optical properties that are sometimes overlooked in experiments. Finally, I present my view on what the opportunities and remaining challenges are in the practical exploitation of graphene for nonlinear-optical applications.

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“…Furthermore, since graphene saturable absorber works well in a broad band, a Q-switched laser at 1.06 μm [48] and a mode-locked laser at 2 μm [49] have also been demonstrated recently. Sub-100 fs laser pulses have been achieved because of the ultrafast electron-holes recovery time in graphene [50] .…”

Section: Silicon-graphene Photonic Devices For All-optical Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon-graphene photonic devices

Yin

Jiang

et al. 2018

J. Semicond.

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Silicon photonics has attracted much attention because of the advantages of CMOS (complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor) compatibility, ultra-high integrated density, etc. Great progress has been achieved in the past decades. However, it is still not easy to realize active silicon photonic devices and circuits by utilizing the material system of pure silicon due to the limitation of the intrinsic properties of silicon. Graphene has been regarded as a promising material for optoelectronics due to its unique properties and thus provides a potential option for realizing active photonic integrated devices on silicon. In this paper, we present a review on recent progress of some silicon-graphene photonic devices for photodetection, all-optical modulation, as well as thermal-tuning.

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Mode-locked fiber laser using graphene on silicon waveguide

Abstract: We report the first in-plane graphene on silicon saturable absorber for mode-locking an Er-doped fiber laser. Pulses with 1.4 ps full-width-half-maximum pulse width and 7 nm spectral bandwidth at 1560 nm were obtained.

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Patterned graphene on SiN waveguides for mode locking of fiber lasers

Patterned graphene on SiN waveguides for mode locking of fiber lasers

Perspectives on nonlinear optics of graphene: Opportunities and challenges

Silicon-graphene photonic devices

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