Mode-locked thulium–bismuth codoped fiber laser using graphene saturable absorber in ring cavity

Zen, D I M; Saidin, Nur Ubaidah; Damanhuri, S S A; Harun, Sulaiman Wadi; Ahmad, Harith; Ismail, Mohamed A.; Dimyati, Kaharudin; Halder, Arindam; Paul, Mukul Chandra; Das, Shyamal; Pal, Mrinmay; Bhadra, Shyamal Kumar

doi:10.1364/ao.52.001226

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Graphene, as the first-discovered 2D nanomaterial, has impressively exhibited strong NLO responses with a large nonlinear refractive index (n 2 ∼ 2 × 10 −7 cm 2 • W −1 [27]) and low saturable optical intensity of ∼0.7 MW∕cm 2 [7]. The nonlinear saturable absorption of graphene has been widely used to mode-lock∕Q-switch lasers for short-pulse generation [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], and the Kerr nonlinearity (e.g., four-wave mixing) of graphene has also been applied to wavelength conversion [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear optical absorption of few-layer molybdenum diselenide (MoSe_2) for passively mode-locked soliton fiber laser [Invited]

Luo¹,

Li²,

Zhong³

et al. 2015

Photon. Res.

240

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In this paper, both nonlinear saturable absorption and two-photon absorption (TPA) of few-layer molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) were observed at 1.56 μm wavelength and further applied to mode-locked ultrafast fiber laser for the first time to our knowledge. Few-layer MoSe2 nanosheets were prepared by liquid-phase exfoliation method and characterized by x ray diffractometer, Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The obtained fewlayer MoSe2 dispersion is further composited with a polymer material for convenient fabrication of MoSe2 thin films. Then, we investigated the nonlinear optical (NLO) absorption property of the few-layer MoSe2 film using a balanced twin-detector measurement technique. Both the saturable absorption and TPA effects of the few-layer MoSe2 film were found by increasing the input optical intensity. The saturable absorption shows a modulation depth of 0.63% and a low nonsaturable loss of ∼3.5%, corresponding to the relative modulation depth of 18%. The TPA effect occurred when the input optical intensity exceeds ∼260 MW∕cm 2. Furthermore, we experimentally exploit the saturable absorption of few-layer MoSe2 film to mode lock an all-fiber erbium-doped fiber laser. Stable soliton mode locking at 1558 nm center wavelength is achieved with pulse duration of 1.45 ps. It was also observed that the TPA process suppresses the mode-locking operation in the case of higher optical intensity. Our results indicate that layered MoSe2, as another two-dimensional nanomaterial, can provide excellent NLO properties (e.g., saturable absorption and TPA) for potential applications in ultrashort pulse generation and optical limiting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear optical absorption of few-layer molybdenum diselenide (MoSe_2) for passively mode-locked soliton fiber laser [Invited]

Luo¹,

Li²,

Zhong³

et al. 2015

Photon. Res.

240

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show abstract

“…Since then, graphene is widely used in ultrafast photonics because of its wideband absorption depending on its zeroband gap structure, and high damage threshold due to its melting point up to 4125 k. which is benificial to realization of ultrafast pulse in high power laser [68]. The summary of ultrafast pulse fiber laser based on graphene-SA is shown in table 2 [12,25,[69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88].…”

Section: Preparation Technology Of Sasmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D van der Waals materials for ultrafast pulsed fiber lasers: review and prospect

et al. 2021

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2D van der Waals materials are crystals composed of atomic layers, which have atomic thickness scale layers and rich distinct properties, including ultrafast optical response, surface effects, light-mater interaction, small size effects, quantum effects and macro quantum tunnel effects. With the exploration of saturable absorption characteristic of 2D van der Waals materials, a series of potential applications of 2D van der Waals materials as high threshold, broadband and fast response saturable absorbers (SAs) in ultrafast photonics have been proposed and confirmed. Herein, the photoelectric characteristics, nonlinear characteristic measurement technique of 2D van der Waals materials and the preparation technology of SAs are systematically described. Furthermore, the ultrafast pulsed fiber lasers based on classical 2D van der Waals materials including graphene, transition metal chalcogenides, topological insulators and black phosphorus have been fully summarized and analyzed. On this basis, opportunities and directions in this field, as well as the research results of ultrafast pulsed fiber lasers based on the latest 2D van der Waals materials (such as PbO, FePSe3, graphdiyne, bismuthene, Ag2S and MXene etc), are reviewed and summarized.

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“…Their emission bands extend over a wide range from 1.6 μm to above 2 μm, and they can be efficiently pumped at approximately 790, 1200 or 1600 nm [1,2]. These features make thulium-doped fibre lasers attractive for a variety of applications in spectroscopy, materials processing, and defence [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-clad thulium/ytterbium co-doped octagonal-shaped fibre for fibre laser applications

Babar¹,

Sabran²,

Jusoh³

et al. 2014

Ukr. J. Phys. Opt.

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Abstract. We investigate the lasing performance of a new double-clad thulium/ytterbium co-doped octagonal-shaped fibre, basing on a cladding pump technique. The fibre is fabricated with the aid of a modified chemical vapour deposition combined with a solution doping technique. It is characterized by the Tm 3+ -and Yb 3+-cladding absorptions equal to 0.325 and 3.3 dB/m respectively at 790 and 976 nm. A triple-wavelength fibre laser operating at 1914.5, 1934.7 and 1953.6 nm is built that uses a 5 m long fibre in a ring configuration as a gain medium. With the fibre as long as 15 m, the ring laser produces the highest output power of 21.9 mW at the pump power of 3600 mW, with the lowest threshold pump power being equal to 1000 mW. When operating at 1961.4 nm, the maximal efficiency of 0.88 per cent is achieved for the gain medium length fixed at 10 m. We also demonstrate a Q-switched thulium/ytterbium-doped fibre laser that operates at 1977.5 nm and utilizes multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a gain medium. By varying the multimode 905 nm pump power from 1591.3 to 2261.5 mW, one can increase the pulse repetition rate from 18.8 to 50.6 kHz, while the pulse width then decreases from 8.6 to 1.0 µs. The maximum pulse energy 5.71 nJ is obtained at the pump power 2100 mW.

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Mode-locked thulium–bismuth codoped fiber laser using graphene saturable absorber in ring cavity

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Nonlinear optical absorption of few-layer molybdenum diselenide (MoSe_2) for passively mode-locked soliton fiber laser [Invited]

Nonlinear optical absorption of few-layer molybdenum diselenide (MoSe_2) for passively mode-locked soliton fiber laser [Invited]

2D van der Waals materials for ultrafast pulsed fiber lasers: review and prospect

Double-clad thulium/ytterbium co-doped octagonal-shaped fibre for fibre laser applications

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