Featured Application: This study provides a non-contact method of defect detection and localization in underwater plates using pure S 0 mode of Lamb wave with small dispersion generated by laterally distributed laser source.Abstract: When working in humid environments, corrosion defects are easily produced in metallic plates. For defect detection in underwater plates, symmetric modes of Lamb waves are widely used because of their characteristics including long propagating distance and high sensitivity to defects. In this study, we extend our previous work by applying the laser laterally generated S 0 mode to detection and localization of defects represented by artificial notches in an aluminum plate immersed in water. Pure non-dispersive S 0 mode is generated in an underwater plate by lateral laser source irradiation and its fd (frequency·thickness) range is selected by theoretical calculation. Using this lateral excitation, the S 0 mode is enhanced; meanwhile, the A 0 mode is effectively suppressed. The mode-converted A 0 mode from the incident S 0 mode is used to detect and localize the defect. The results reveal a significantly improved capability to detect defects in an underwater plate using the laser laterally generated S 0 mode, while that using A 0 is limited due to its high attenuation. Furthermore, owing to the long propagating distance and the non-dispersion characteristics of the S 0 generated by the lateral laser source, multiple defects can also be detected and localized according to the mode conversion at the defects.