Model calculations of the relative effects of CFCs and their replacements on global warming

Fisher, Donald A.; Hales, Charles H.; Wang, Wei‐Chyung; Ko, Malcolm K. W.; Sze, Nien Dak

doi:10.1038/344513a0

Cited by 180 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Sarofim (2012) analyzed SGTP values for methane under the assumption of varying background concentrations. Further, Fisher et al (1990) observe numerically that steady state values for SGTP (or HGWP in their terminology) are closely related to IGTP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Such a measure has been discussed previously by, for instance, Fisher et al (1990), Rotmans and den Elzen (1992), Shine et al (2005, p. 298), IPCC (2009), Gillet and Matthews (2010) and Peters et al (2011). We here refer to this metric as the Integrated Global Temperature change Potential (IGTP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fisher et al (1990) also estimated halocarbon global warming potentials, i.e. a metric for the integrated warming effect of various halocarbons compared to CFC 11, that was defined in the same way as SGTP with the main difference that infinite time horizons were used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the relationship between metrics to compare greenhouse gases – the case of IGTP, GWP and SGTP

Azar

Johansson

2012

Earth Syst. Dynam.

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Abstract. Metrics for comparing greenhouse gases are analyzed, with a particular focus on the integrated temperature change potential (IGTP) following a call from IPCC to investigate this metric. It is shown that the global warming potential (GWP) and IGTP are asymptotically equal when the time horizon approaches infinity when standard assumptions about a constant background atmosphere are used. The difference between IGTP and GWP is estimated for different greenhouse gases using an upwelling diffusion energy balance model with different assumptions on the climate sensitivity and the parameterization governing the rate of ocean heat uptake. It is found that GWP and IGTP differ by some 10 % for CH 4 (for a time horizon of less than 500 yr), and that the relative difference between GWP and IGTP is less for gases with a longer atmospheric life time. Further, it is found that the relative difference between IGTP and GWP increases with increasing rates of ocean heat uptake and increasing climate sensitivity since these changes increase the inertia of the climate system. Furthermore, it is shown that IGTP is equivalent to the sustained global temperature change potential (SGTP) under standard assumptions when estimating GWPs. We conclude that while it matters little for abatement policy whether IGTP, SGTP or GWP is used when making tradeoffs, it is more important to decide whether society should use a metric based on time integrated effects such as GWP, a "snapshot metric" as GTP, or metrics where both economics and physical considerations are taken into account. Of equal importance is the question of how to choose the time horizon, regardless of the chosen metric. For both these overall questions, value judgments are needed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the relationship between metrics to compare greenhouse gases – the case of IGTP, GWP and SGTP

Azar

Johansson

2012

Earth Syst. Dynam.

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“…One important example that they illustrated was for the case of a climate policy which aims to keep temperature change below some pre-1 Although the IPCC definition is in most widespread use, it is not the only one. Fisher et al (1990) defined the GWP as the ratio of the surface temperature change due to a sustained emission of a gas, relative to the temperature change due to a sustained emission of CFC-11. As pointed out by Fisher et al (1990) this is equivalent to the IPCC definition provided the climate sensitivity of the gas and CFC-11 are the same and an infinite time horizon is adopted; Shine et al (2005) showed that even for a time horizon of 100 years, the equivalence is quite close.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fisher et al (1990) defined the GWP as the ratio of the surface temperature change due to a sustained emission of a gas, relative to the temperature change due to a sustained emission of CFC-11. As pointed out by Fisher et al (1990) this is equivalent to the IPCC definition provided the climate sensitivity of the gas and CFC-11 are the same and an infinite time horizon is adopted; Shine et al (2005) showed that even for a time horizon of 100 years, the equivalence is quite close. Rotmans and den Elzen (1992) adopted a quite different definition of the GWP which, in modern parlance, appears closer to a time-integrated version of the pulse global temperature change potential-its relationship to the IPCC definition does not seem to have been explored.…”

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confidence: 99%

The global warming potential—the need for an interdisciplinary retrial

2009

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Kinetics of the gas-phase reaction of CF3CF2CH2OH with OH radicals and its atmospheric lifetime

Chen

Fukuda

Takenaka

et al. 2000

Int. J. Chem. Kinet.

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CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 OH is a new chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) alternative. However, there are few data about its atmospheric fate. The kinetics of its atmospheric oxidation, the OH radical reaction of CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 OH, has been investigated in a 2-liter Pyrex reactor in the temperature range of 298 ϳ 356 K using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) for analysis in this study. The rate coefficient ofϪ0.76 s Ϫ1 was determined using the relative rate method. The results are in good agreement with the literature values and the prediction of Atkinson's structure-activity relationship (SAR) model. From these results, the atmospheric lifetime of CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 OH in the troposphere was deduced to be 0.34 year, which is 250 and 6 times shorter than those of CFC-113 and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC-225ca), respectively. Therefore CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 OH has significant potential for the replacement of CFC-113 and HCFC-225ca.

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Model calculations of the relative effects of CFCs and their replacements on global warming

Cited by 180 publications

References 7 publications

On the relationship between metrics to compare greenhouse gases – the case of IGTP, GWP and SGTP

On the relationship between metrics to compare greenhouse gases – the case of IGTP, GWP and SGTP

The global warming potential—the need for an interdisciplinary retrial

Kinetics of the gas-phase reaction of CF3CF2CH2OH with OH radicals and its atmospheric lifetime

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