MODEL KEBERHASILAN DAN MANAJEMEN PENANGKARAN CUCAK RAWA (Pycnonotus zeylanicus)

Abstract

Straw-headed bulbul (Pycnonotus zeylanicus) is a popular singing bird widely traded in Indonesia. Captive breeding is one of the conservation efforts to increase the population outside the natural habitat, therefore, research on captive breeding models is important. The objective of the study is mainly to describe the management and determine the model of straw-headed bulbul captive breeding. The study was conducted on May-July 2015 in 10 different captive breeding facilities in Bogor and Depok Districts. Data were collected through observations, measurement, and interview. Principal Components Regression with the stepwise methods was used to analyze the success model of captivity breeding. The study found that the captive breeding management has been operated appropriately to ensure its productivity, as demonstrated by the natality and mortality models. The natality model Y1 = 64.70 + 57.48 PC1 showed that captivity duration, higher parent productivity, and higher egg hatchability increase natality rate. The mortality model, Y2 = 19.10 -4.23 PC2, showed that greater operational and capital costs incurred as well as longer treatment duration are able to suppress mortality.Key words: Captive breeding, management, principal components regression, straw-headed bulbul, success model. ABSTRAKBurung Cucak rawa (Pycnonotus zeylanicus, Gmelin 1789) merupakan salah satu burung berkicau terkenal dan marak diperdagangkan di Indonesia. Upaya konservasi untuk meningkatkan populasi di luar habitat alaminya adalah melalui penangkaran sehingga penelitian mengenai model keberhasilan penangkaran penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan manajemen penangkaran pada lokasi penelitian dan menentukan model keberhasilan penangkaran cucak rawa. Penelitian dilakukan pada sepuluh penangkaran yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Bogor dan Depok. Penelitian dilakukan selama tiga bulan mulai Mei hingga Juli 2015. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan langsung, pengukuran, dan wawancara. Data selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan regresi komponen utama dengan metode stepwise untuk menentukan model keberhasilan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa manajemen penangkaran yang sudah beroperasi hingga saat ini dinilai tepat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan produktivitas, seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam model perkembangan reproduksi berdasarkan angka kelahiran dan kematian. Model kelahiran Y1 = 64,.70 + 57,48 PC1 menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama menangkarkan, jumlah induk produktif banyak, dan daya tetas telur tingi maka semakin besar kelahiran. Model kematian Y2 = 19,10 -4,23 PC2 menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar biaya operasional dan modal serta semakin lama durasi waktu perawatan maka angka kematian dapat ditekan.Kata kunci: Penangkaran, manajemen, regresi komponen utama, cucak rawa, model keberhasilan. I. PENDAHULUANCucak rawa (Pycnonotus zeylanicus, Gmelin 1789) termasuk ke dalam famili Pycnonotidae dari ordo Passeriformes yang dikenal dengan merbah atau cucakcucakan. Populasi cucak rawa mengalami penurunan tajam karena marak di...

Disentangling the Legal and Illegal Wildlife Trade–Insights from Indonesian Wildlife Market Surveys

“…The assessment of trade in strawheaded bulbuls is a follow-up study of Bergin et al [ 46 ], who reported on the trade in this species in 12 wildlife markets in 8 cities on Java and Kalimantan over a one-year period (July 2014 to June 2015), during which 71 birds in total were observed. Strawheaded bulbuls are listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List and are protected in Indonesia, but commercial breeders do breed the species [ 47 ]. Captive-bred strawheaded bulbuls often, but not always, have closed legrings, so their presence is strong evidence of the birds having been captive-bred.…”