Model Organisms and Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Models

Ling, Shuang; Xu, Jin-Wen

doi:10.1155/2013/761987

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The present study carried on establishing and comparison of three KYDS rat models and found that there were similarities and differences between them. In this study, it was agreed that the symptoms and manifestations of three methods induced rats were also well in line with the diagnosis of the syndrome of kidney-yang de ciency, that is, the weakness and cold appearance of the animals were similar to those of patients with "yang de ciency" (18). Modern research has indicated that damage to HPA function was major pathological mechanisms underlying KYDS (19).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Establishment and Comparison of an Experimental Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome Rat Model Caused by Hydrocortisone, Adenine, and Dexamethasone Combined with Adriamycin in Rats

Zhang¹,

Tong²,

Zhu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: The paper is aimed to establish a method for renal injury in rats with kidney yang deficiency syndrome (KYDS) of the stable by comparing different model establishment methods and optimize the final modeling method.Method: In order to mimic water metabolism disorder of KYDS- a diagnostic pattern in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), we made a comparison of hydrocortisone-induced, adenine-induced, dexamethasone combined with adriamycin-induced KYDS rat model according to testing general behavior, detecting Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and renal function also making use of drug action. Additionally, the effect of adenine at a dose of 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg, respectively, on establishment of KYDS model was investigated in rats. Finally, Shenqi Wan (SQW, 3 g/kg) was used to estimate the deterioration of adenine that is associated with KYDS. Result: Three KYDS model rats all exhibited weight loss, anal temperature drop, reduced food intake and dysfunction of the Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which could be alleviated by SQW. However, different from other two methods, adenine-induced rats were prominently manifested as water and fluid metabolism disorders (sharply increased water intake and urine volume). Renal injury in adenine-induced rats was more obvious than it in hydrocortisone-induced rats and dexamethasone combined with adriamycin-induced rats. And renal toxicity caused by adenine was reversible by SQW treatment. Water metabolism disorder in adenine-induced rats was more closer to clinical symptoms of patients with KYDS. Subsequently, we found different dose of adenine gavage (100, 150, 200 mg/kg) for 14 days result in general behavior change, dysfunction of HPA axis and renal function damage. But only medium-dose of adenine induced toxicity could be reversed by SQW treatment for 21 days.Conclusion: The result of the comparison between the three modeling methods showed that adenine-induced was more effective to establish the KYDS model, and only a medium-dose of adenine for inducing renal poison could be recovered by SQW treatment. Therefore, a medium-dose of adenine was optimal for the establishment of the KYDS rat model.Trial registration : This is an animal experiment, trial registration is not necessary.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Establishment and Comparison of an Experimental Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome Rat Model Caused by Hydrocortisone, Adenine, and Dexamethasone Combined with Adriamycin in Rats

Zhang¹,

Tong²,

Zhu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been practiced for thousands of years in China and is well recognized in most Asian countries (S. Ling & Xu, ). However, considering the lack of fundamental studies, the use and acceptability of TCM is still significantly limited in most Western countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A combination of depression and liver Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome using a rat model

Qiu

et al. 2020

The Anatomical Record

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A syndrome (Zheng in Chinese) plays a critical role in disease identification, diagnosis, and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Clinically, the liver Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome (LQSSDS) is one of the most common syndrome patterns. Over the past few decades, several animal models have been developed to understand the potential mechanisms of LQSSDS, but until now, simulation of the syndrome is still unclear. Recently, several studies have confirmed that an animal model combining a disease and a syndrome is appropriate for simulating TCM syndromes. Overlapping previous studies have reported that depression is highly associated with LQSSDS; hence, we attempted to develop a rat model combining depression and LQSSDS. We exposed the rats to different durations of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Subsequently, the evaluation indicators at macrolevel consisted of behavioral tests including open field test, sucrose preference test, and forced swim test, food intake, body weight, white adipose tissue, fecal water content, visceral hypersensitivity, and small bowel transit, and the evaluation indicators at microlevel included changes of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Serum D‐xylose absorption was used to comprehensively confirm and assess whether the model was successful during the CUMS‐induced process. The results showed that rats exposed to 6‐week CUMS procedure exhibited significantly similar traits to the phenotypes of LQSSDS and depression. This study provided a new rat model for the LQSSDS and could potentially lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of LQSSDS and the development of new drugs for this syndrome.

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“…In clinical terms, according to the holistic perspective of TCM, SQD syndrome not only refers to local digestive diseases such as chronic gastritis and irritable bowel syndrome but also contains the whole body's dysfunctions such as chronic fatigue syndrome and hypertension [ 7 – 9 ]. In experimental terms, animal models have been constructed by reserpine injection or irregular food administration [ 10 ]. Understanding the biological basis of SQD syndrome may guide the evidence-based clinical use of herbal formulae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Pharmacology to Uncover the Biological Basis of Spleen Qi Deficiency Syndrome and Herbal Treatment

Wang

Lai

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Spleen qi deficiency (SQD) syndrome is one of the basic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes related to various diseases including chronic inflammation and hypertension and guides the use of many herbal formulae. However, the biological basis of SQD syndrome has not been clearly elucidated due to the lack of appropriate methodologies. Here, we propose a network pharmacology strategy integrating computational, clinical, and experimental investigation to study the biological basis of SQD syndrome. From computational aspects, we used a powerful disease gene prediction algorithm to predict the SQD syndrome biomolecular network which is significantly enriched in biological functions including immune regulation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism. From clinical aspects, SQD syndrome is involved in both the local and holistic disorders, that is, the digestive diseases and the whole body’s dysfunctions. We, respectively, investigate SQD syndrome-related digestive diseases including chronic gastritis and irritable bowel syndrome and the whole body’s dysfunctions such as chronic fatigue syndrome and hypertension. We found innate immune and oxidative stress modules of SQD syndrome biomolecular network dysfunction in chronic gastritis patients and irritable bowel syndrome patients. Lymphocyte modules were downregulated in chronic fatigue syndrome patients and hypertension patients. From experimental aspects, network pharmacology analysis suggested that targets of Radix Astragali and other four herbs commonly used for SQD syndrome are significantly enriched in the SQD syndrome biomolecular network. Experiments further validated that Radix Astragali ingredients promoted immune modules such as macrophage proliferation and lymphocyte proliferation. These findings indicate that the biological basis of SQD syndrome is closely related to insufficient immune response including decreased macrophage activity and reduced lymphocyte proliferation. This study not only demonstrates the potential biological basis of SQD syndrome but also provides a novel strategy for exploring relevant molecular mechanisms of disease-syndrome-herb from the network pharmacology perspective.

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Model Organisms and Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Models

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Establishment and Comparison of an Experimental Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome Rat Model Caused by Hydrocortisone, Adenine, and Dexamethasone Combined with Adriamycin in Rats

Establishment and Comparison of an Experimental Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome Rat Model Caused by Hydrocortisone, Adenine, and Dexamethasone Combined with Adriamycin in Rats

A combination of depression and liver Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome using a rat model

Network Pharmacology to Uncover the Biological Basis of Spleen Qi Deficiency Syndrome and Herbal Treatment

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