Model-Predicted Balance Between Neural Excitation and Inhibition Was Maintained Despite of Age-Related Decline in Sensory Evoked Local Field Potential in Rat Barrel Cortex

Kang, Sungmin; Hayashi, Yurie; Bruyns‐Haylett, Michael; Delivopoulos, Evangelos; Zheng, Ying

doi:10.3389/fnsys.2020.00024

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Our model assumes that LFPs contain information about the excitation to inhibition (E/I) balance, despite being an aggregate measure of neural activity obtained from both excitatory and inhibitory populations. This is supported by both computational [80][81][82] and empirical 83,84 studies , see also 85 for a recent discussion. In particular, a large body of work by us and others using Dynamic Causal Models (DCM) has shown that it is possible to infer E/I ratios assuming that LFPs arise as a result of certain synaptic currents, usually AMPA and GABAA currents, see e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Beyond dimension reduction: Stable electric fields emerge from and allow representational drift

Pinotsis

Miller

2021

Preprint

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It is known that the exact neurons maintaining a given memory (the neural ensemble) change from trial to trial. This raises the question of how the brain achieves stability in the face of this representational drift. Here, we demonstrate that this stability emerges at the level of the electric fields that arise from neural activity. The electric fields, in turn, can act as “guard rails” that funnel higher dimensional variable neural activity along stable lower dimensional routes. We show that electric fields carry information about working memory content. We obtained the latent space associated with each memory. We then confirmed the stability of the electric field by mapping the latent space to different cortical patches (that comprise a neural ensemble) and reconstructing information flow between patches. Stable electric fields can allow latent states to be transferred between brain areas, in accord with modern engram theory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Beyond dimension reduction: Stable electric fields emerge from and allow representational drift

Pinotsis

Miller

2021

Preprint

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“…Evoked LFPs were analysed and published in Kang et al. (2020). Here we focussed our analysis on the spontaneous LFP responses under the anaesthetic level III3, during which the LFP displayed oscillatory characteristics at frequencies around 2 Hz.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data presented here were collected in an ageing study which included rats from three age groups (pre-adolescence, young adult and middle-aged adult). Evoked LFPs were analysed and published in Kang et al (2020). Here we focussed our analysis on the spontaneous LFP responses under the anaesthetic level III3, during which the LFP displayed oscillatory characteristics at frequencies around 2 Hz.…”

Section: Data Selection Rate Of State Transition and Statistical Anal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous slow wave oscillations in extracellular field potential recordings reflect the alternating dominance of excitation and inhibition

Zheng,

Kang,

O'Neill

et al. 2024

The Journal of Physiology

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In the resting state, cortical neurons can fire action potentials spontaneously but synchronously (Up state), followed by a quiescent period (Down state) before the cycle repeats. Extracellular recordings in the infragranular layer of cortex with a micro‐electrode display a negative deflection (depth‐negative) during Up states and a positive deflection (depth‐positive) during Down states. The resulting slow wave oscillation (SWO) has been studied extensively during sleep and under anaesthesia. However, recent research on the balanced nature of synaptic excitation and inhibition has highlighted our limited understanding of its genesis. Specifically, are excitation and inhibition balanced during SWOs? We analyse spontaneous local field potentials (LFPs) during SWOs recorded from anaesthetised rats via a multi‐channel laminar micro‐electrode and show that the Down state consists of two distinct synaptic states: a Dynamic Down state associated with depth‐positive LFPs and a prominent dipole in the extracellular field, and a Static Down state with negligible () LFPs and a lack of dipoles extracellularly. We demonstrate that depth‐negative and ‐positive LFPs are generated by a shift in the balance of synaptic excitation and inhibition from excitation dominance (depth‐negative) to inhibition dominance (depth‐positive) in the infragranular layer neurons. Thus, although excitation and inhibition co‐tune overall, differences in their timing lead to an alternation of dominance, manifesting as SWOs. We further show that Up state initiation is significantly faster if the preceding Down state is dynamic rather than static. Our findings provide a coherent picture of the dependence of SWOs on synaptic activity. imageKey points Cortical neurons can exhibit repeated cycles of spontaneous activity interleaved with periods of relative silence, a phenomenon known as ‘slow wave oscillation’ (SWO). During SWOs, recordings of local field potentials (LFPs) in the neocortex show depth‐negative deflection during the active period (Up state) and depth‐positive deflection during the silent period (Down state). Here we further classified the Down state into a dynamic phase and a static phase based on a novel method of classification and revealed non‐random, stereotypical sequences of the three states occurring with significantly different transitional kinetics. Our results suggest that the positive and negative deflections in the LFP reflect the shift of the instantaneous balance between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic activity of the local cortical neurons. The differences in transitional kinetics may imply distinct synaptic mechanisms for Up state initiation. The study may provide a new approach for investigating spontaneous brain rhythms.

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Animal models for studies of alcohol effects on the trajectory of age-related cognitive decline

Foster

2023

Alcohol

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Model-Predicted Balance Between Neural Excitation and Inhibition Was Maintained Despite of Age-Related Decline in Sensory Evoked Local Field Potential in Rat Barrel Cortex

Cited by 4 publications

References 79 publications

Beyond dimension reduction: Stable electric fields emerge from and allow representational drift

Beyond dimension reduction: Stable electric fields emerge from and allow representational drift

Spontaneous slow wave oscillations in extracellular field potential recordings reflect the alternating dominance of excitation and inhibition

Animal models for studies of alcohol effects on the trajectory of age-related cognitive decline

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