Model systems to analyze the role of miRNAs and commensal microflora in bovine mucosal immune system development

Liang, Guanxiang; Malmuthuge, Nilusha; Guan, Le Luo; Griebel, Philip

doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.10.014

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…MicroRNAs have been implicated as key regulators of immune system, development and physiological functions [ 3 ]. Increasing evidence suggests that miRNA expression plays an important role in host–pathogen interactions through modulation of both innate and acquired immune responses [ 4 – 5 ]. The innate immune system is activated following recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by host pattern recognition receptors, such as toll-like receptors (TLRs) which recognize both extracellular and intracellular PAMPs [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the MicroRNA Repertoire in TLR-Ligand Challenged Bubaline PBMCs as a Model of Bacterial and Viral Infection

et al. 2016

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In the present study, we used high-throughput sequencing, miRNA-seq, to discover and explore the expression profiles of known and novel miRNAs in TLR ligand-stimulated vis-à-vis non-stimulated (i.e. Control) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from blood of healthy Murrah buffaloes. Six small RNA (sRNA) libraries were multiplexed in Ion Torrent PI chip and sequenced on Ion Proton System. The reads obtained were aligned to the Bos taurus genome (UMD3.1 assembly), which is phylogenetically closest species to buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). A total of 160 bovine miRNAs were biocomputationally identified in buffalo PBMCs and 130 putatively novel miRNAs (not enlisted in the bovine mirBase) were identified. All of these 290 miRNAs identified across the six treatment and control samples represent the repertoire of novel miRNAs for the buffalo species. The expression profiles of these miRNAs across the samples have been represented by sample dendrogram and heatmap plots. The uniquely expressed miRNAs in each treatment and control groups were identified. A few miRNAs were expressed at very high levels while the majority of them were moderately expressed. The miRNAs bta-miR-103 and -191 were found to be highly abundant and expressed in all the samples. Other abundantly expressed miRNAs include bta-miR-19b, -29b, -15a, -19a, -30d, -30b-5p and members of let family (let 7a-5p, let 7g & let 7f) in LPS and CpG treated PBMCS and bta-miR-191, -103 & -19b in Poly I:C stimulated PBMCs. Only one novel miRNA (bta-miR-11039) out of 130 identified putatively novel miRNAs, was expressed in all the six samples and differentially expressed (>2- fold) miRNAs were identified. Six of the differentially expressed miRNAs across the groups (bta-miR-421, bta-let-7i, bta-miR-138, bta-miR-21-5p, bta-miR-222 and bta-miR-27b) were subsequently confirmed by TaqMan quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched for the roles in innate immunity and TLR signaling pathways. This maiden study on profiling and cataloguing of bubaline miRNAs expressed in TLR-ligand stimulated PBMCs will provide an important reference point for future studies on regulatory roles of miRNAs in immune system of buffaloes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the MicroRNA Repertoire in TLR-Ligand Challenged Bubaline PBMCs as a Model of Bacterial and Viral Infection

et al. 2016

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“…Neonatal calves are dependent on the function of their innate immune activities directed by maternal antibody, cells and protein immune modulating factors transferred with colostrum. These interactions modulate the microbial colonization of the intestine and the lungs of calves, and provide targeting and priming activation of innate responses in the neonate (Griebel, 2009;Liang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immune response in neonate Holstein heifer calves fed fresh or frozen colostrum

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Baccili

et al. 2017

Research in Veterinary Science

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The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of maternal cells from colostrum on the development and function of the innate immune response in Holstein calves. Calves were divided into 2 groups: COL+ (n=10) received fresh colostrum; and COL- (n=10) which received frozen colostrum containing no viable cells. The calves were assessed before colostrum intake (D0), 48h of age (D2), and weekly from D7 up to D28. Blood samples were collected for analysis of the distribution of leukocytes, cellular phenotype and in vitro granulocyte function. COL+ calves tended to have a high number of neutrophils on D7 (p=0.073). COL- calves took up significantly more Escherichia coli (measured as MFI) on D7 (p=0.034). Endogenous production of radicals (as percentage of cells) tended to be higher in COL- calves on D14 (p=0.061). The intensity of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by granulocytes tended to be higher in COL+ calves on D21 (p=0.094). Overall, ROS production (percent of cells, and MFI) induced by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were higher in COL+ calves than COL- calves. It was our observation that COL+ calves developed an innate immune response more quickly and efficiently after natural exposure to pathogens after birth. In contrast, COL- calves mounted an innate response more slowly that yielded a persistent inflammatory response after natural exposure to these bacteria agents. This research provides evidence of an advantage to the calf of receiving fresh colostrum on the development and function of the innate immune system.

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“…Changes in diet in the early period of 7 to 21 days of age greatly influence microbiome and miR and therefore the level and longevity of the enteric immune response. 11,12…”

Section: Ontogeny and Organization Of Enteric Mucosal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Immunity

Chase

2018

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice

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In this article, key concepts important for enteric immunity are discussed. The gastrointestinal tract is the largest immune organ of the body. The mucosal barrier, the tight junctions and the "kill zone," along with the gut mucosa and maintaining an "anti-inflammatory" state are essential for "good gut health." The microbiome, the microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, which has more cells then the entire animal's body, is essential for immune development, immune response, and maximizing ruminant productivity. Direct-fed microbials aid in both microbiome stability "homeostasis" and immune function.

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Model systems to analyze the role of miRNAs and commensal microflora in bovine mucosal immune system development

Cited by 24 publications

References 142 publications

Identification of the MicroRNA Repertoire in TLR-Ligand Challenged Bubaline PBMCs as a Model of Bacterial and Viral Infection

Identification of the MicroRNA Repertoire in TLR-Ligand Challenged Bubaline PBMCs as a Model of Bacterial and Viral Infection

Innate immune response in neonate Holstein heifer calves fed fresh or frozen colostrum

Enteric Immunity

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