Modeling Electroporation in a Single Cell. II. Effects of Ionic Concentrations

DeBruin, Katherine A.; Krassowska, Wanda

doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(99)76974-2

Cited by 116 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This approximation is appropriate for salt-based solutions, such as in vesicle electroporation experiments. 36 For biological cells, and in particular in the cytoplasm, the electrolyte solution has a more complex composition involving both small ions 41 and charged macromolecules ͑proteins, DNA, etc.͒. The latter often possess relatively large charge numbers and small diffusivities.…”

Section: B Multi-ion Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The current-voltage relation for electropores with conductivity gradients

Lin

2010

Biomicrofluidics

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In electroporation, an electric field transiently permeabilizes the cell membrane to gain access to the cytoplasm, and to deliver active agents such as DNA, proteins, and drug molecules. Past work suggests that the permeabilization is caused by the formation of aqueous, conducting pores on the lipid membrane, which are also known as electropores. The current-voltage relation across the membrane-bound pores is critical for understanding and predicting electroporation. In this work, we solve the Nernst-Planck equations in a geometry encompassing an isolated electropore to investigate this relation. In particular, we study cases where the intra-and extracellular electrical conductivities differ. We first derive an analytical solution, which is subsequently validated with a direct numerical simulation using a finite volume method. The main result of the current work is a formula for the effective pore resistance as a function of the pore radius, the membrane thickness, and the intra-and extracellular conductivities. This formula can be incorporated into whole-cell or planar-membrane electroporation models for system-level prediction and understanding.

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Section: B Multi-ion Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, indirect evidence does support the present prediction. In the sea-urchin-egg electroporation model study by Krassowska and co-workers, the authors used ϱ i = 0.455 S / m and ϱ e =5 S/ m. 11,20,41 The conductivity for the pore was adopted to be =2 S/ m following the previous experiments. 44 Using Eq.…”

Section: ͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

The current-voltage relation for electropores with conductivity gradients

Lin

2010

Biomicrofluidics

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“…Above this potential, membranes become conductive due to significant pore formation (5,23). The threshold potential is an intrinsic property of the membrane that is related to the composition of lipids and proteins in the membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Lipid Bilayers under Ionic Imbalance

Lin

Alexander‐Katz

2016

Biophysical Journal

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Biological membranes are normally under a resting transmembrane potential (TMP), which originates from the ionic imbalance between extracellular fluids and cytosols, and serves as electric power storage for cells. In cell electroporation, the ionic imbalance builds up a high TMP, resulting in the poration of cell membranes. However, the relationship between ionic imbalance and TMP is not clearly understood, and little is known about the effect of ionic imbalance on the structure and dynamics of biological membranes. In this study, we used coarse-grained molecular dynamics to characterize a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine bilayer system under ionic imbalances ranging from 0 to~0.06 e charges per lipid (e/Lip). We found that the TMP displayed three distinct regimes: 1) a linear regime between 0 and 0.045 e/Lip, where the TMP increased linearly with ionic imbalance; 2) a yielding regime between~0.045 and 0.060 e/Lip, where the TMP displayed a plateau; and 3) a poration regime above~0.060 e/Lip, where we observed pore formation within the sampling time (80 ns). We found no structural changes in the linear regime, apart from a nonlinear increase in the area per lipid, whereas in the yielding regime the bilayer exhibited substantial thinning, leading to an excess of water and Na þ within the bilayer, as well as significant misalignment of the lipid tails. In the poration regime, lipid molecules diffused slightly faster. We also found that the fluid-to-gel phase transition temperature of the bilayer dropped below the normal value with increased ionic imbalances. Our results show that a high ionic imbalance can substantially alter the essential properties of the bilayer, making the bilayer more fluid like, or conversely, depolarization of a cell could in principle lead to membrane stiffening.

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“…Later studies added more complexity to the modeled cell and provided insight into the factors affecting the induced transmembrane potential. This included both the electrical [5,[9][10][11][12] and geometrical properties of the cell, such as its shape [13,14] and orientation to the field [15,16]. These works stressed the importance of cellular properties in the build-up of the transmembrane potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Cellular Properties on the Electric Field Distribution Around a Single Cell

Ye¹,

Cotic²,

Fehlings³

et al. 2012

PIER B

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Abstract-Electric fields have been widely used for the treatment of neurological diseases, using techniques such as non-invasive brain stimulation. An electric current controls cell excitability by imposing voltage changes across the cell membrane. At the same time, the presence of the cell itself causes a re-distribution of the local electric field. Computation of the electric field distribution at a single cell microscopic level is essential in understanding the mechanism of electric stimulation. In addition, the impact of the cellular biophysical properties on the field distribution in the vicinity of the cell should also be addressed. In this paper, we have begun by first computing the field distribution around and within a spherical model cell. The electric fields in the three regions differed by several orders of magnitude. The field intensity in the extracellular space was of the same order as that of the externally applied field, while in the membrane, it was calculated to be several thousand times greater than the applied field. In contrast, the field intensity inside the cell was greatly attenuated to approximately 1/133th of the applied field. We then performed a

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Modeling Electroporation in a Single Cell. II. Effects of Ionic Concentrations

Cited by 116 publications

References 33 publications

The current-voltage relation for electropores with conductivity gradients

The current-voltage relation for electropores with conductivity gradients

Probing Lipid Bilayers under Ionic Imbalance

Influence of Cellular Properties on the Electric Field Distribution Around a Single Cell

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