Modeling Forest Cover Influences on Snow Accumulation, Sublimation, and Melt

Gelfan, Alexander; Pomeroy, John W.; Kuchment, L. S.

doi:10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0785:mfcios>2.0.co;2

Cited by 173 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The ground snow sublimation showed small differences between sites and was smaller than canopy snow interception. This finding corresponded to the results of Gelfan et al (2004) for a humid climate in Russia. The blowing snow sublimation loss in the domain was very small when compared to sublimation from canopy snow or ground snow.…”

Section: Effect Of Land Use On Snow Water Balance At the Plot Scalesupporting

confidence: 90%

Impact of land-use changes on snow in a forested region with heavy snowfall in Hokkaido, Japan

Suzuki¹,

Kodama²,

Nakai³

et al. 2011

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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We simulated snow processes in a forested region with heavy snowfall in Japan, and evaluated both the regional-scale snow distribution and the potential impact of land-use changes on the snow cover and water balances over the entire domain. SnowModel reproduced the snow processes at open and forested sites, which were confirmed by snow water equivalent (SWE) measurements at two intensive observation sites and snow depth measurements at the Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System sites. SnowModel also reproduced the observed snow distribution (from the MODIS snow cover data) over the simulation domain during thaw. The observed SWE was less at the forested site than at the open site. The SnowModel simulations showed that this difference was caused mainly by differences in sublimation. The type of land use changed the maximum SWE, onset and duration of snowmelt, and the daily snowmelt rate due to canopy snow interception.Key words deforestation; canopy snow interception; sublimation; snowmelt rate; turbulent flux Impact de changements d'occupation du sol sur la neige dans une région forestière fortement enneigée de Hokkaido, Japon Résumé Nous avons simulé les processus neigeux dans une région forestière fortement enneigée au Japon, et évalué à la fois la répartition de la neige à l'échelle régionale et l'impact potentiel des changements d'occupation du sol sur le couvert neigeux et sur le bilan hydrologique pour l'ensemble du domaine. SnowModel reproduit les processus neigeux dans les sites ouverts et forestiers, ce qui est confirmé par des mesures d'équivalent en eau de la neige en deux sites d'observation intensive et des mesures de la profondeur de la neige sur les sites du système automatique d'acquisition de données météorologiques. SnowModel reproduit également la distribution de la neige observée (à partir de données MODIS de couvert neigeux) sur le domaine de la simulation au cours de la fonte nivale. L'équivalent en eau de la neige observé est inférieur pour le site forestier que pour le site ouvert. Les simulations avec SnowModel montrent que cette différence est principalement causée par des différences en matière de sublimation. Le type d'occupation du sol change l'équivalent en eau de la neige maximum, le début et la durée de la fonte nivale, et le taux de fonte journalier en raison de l'interception de la neige par la canopée.

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Section: Effect Of Land Use On Snow Water Balance At the Plot Scalesupporting

confidence: 90%

Impact of land-use changes on snow in a forested region with heavy snowfall in Hokkaido, Japan

Suzuki¹,

Kodama²,

Nakai³

et al. 2011

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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“…Under-canopy snow distribution is governed by multiple factors that affect the energy environment, as observed by melting (Essery et al, 2008;Gelfan et al, 2004) and accumulation rates Schmidt and Gluns, 1991;Teti, 2003). Our results show different responses when comparing the snow-depth difference between open and canopycovered areas between study sites (Fig.…”

Section: Vegetation Effects On Snow Distribution Along Elevationmentioning

confidence: 73%

Topographic and vegetation effects on snow accumulation in the southern Sierra Nevada: a statistical summary from lidar data

2016

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Abstract. Airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) measurements carried out in the southern Sierra Nevada in 2010 in the snow-free and peak-snow-accumulation periods were analyzed for topographic and vegetation effects on snow accumulation. Point-cloud data were processed from four primarily mixed-conifer forest sites covering the main snow-accumulation zone, with a total surveyed area of over 106 km 2 . The percentage of pixels with at least one snowdepth measurement was observed to increase from 65-90 to 99 % as the sampling resolution of the lidar point cloud was increased from 1 to 5 m. However, a coarser resolution risks undersampling the under-canopy snow relative to snow in open areas and was estimated to result in at least a 10 cm overestimate of snow depth over the main snowaccumulation region between 2000 and 3000 m, where 28 % of the area had no measurements. Analysis of the 1 m gridded data showed consistent patterns across the four sites, dominated by orographic effects on precipitation. Elevation explained 43 % of snow-depth variability, with slope, aspect and canopy penetration fraction explaining another 14 % over the elevation range of 1500-3300 m. The relative importance of the four variables varied with elevation and canopy cover, but all were statistically significant over the area studied. The difference between mean snow depth in open versus under-canopy areas increased with elevation in the rain-snow transition zone (1500-1800 m) and was about 35 ± 10 cm above 1800 m. Lidar has the potential to transform estimation of snow depth across mountain basins, and including local canopy effects is both feasible and important for accurate assessments.

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“…Snow processes are simulated using the method of Gelfan et al [32] as described in Huang [33]. Snow melting is calculated with a degree-day-factor.…”

Section: Soil and Water Integrated Model (Swim)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Water Flows in Four European Lagoon Catchments under a Set of Future Climate Scenarios

Hesse

Stefanova

Krysanova

2015

Water

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Climate change is supposed to remarkably affect the water resources of coastal lagoons as they are highly vulnerable to changes occurring at their catchment and/or ocean or sea boundaries. Probable impacts of projected climate changes on catchment hydrology and freshwater input were assessed using the eco-hydrological model SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model) for the drainage areas of four European lagoons: Ria de Aveiro (Portugal), Mar Menor (Spain), Tyligulskyi Liman (Ukraine) and Vistula Lagoon (Poland/Russia) under a set of 15 climate scenarios covering the time period until the year 2100. Climate change signals for all regions show continuously increasing trends in temperature, but various trends in precipitation. Precipitation is projected to decrease in two catchments on the Iberian Peninsula and increase in the Baltic region catchment, and does not show a clear trend in the catchment located near the Black Sea. The average projected changes in freshwater inputs reflect these changes in climate conditions, but often show variability between the scenarios, in future periods, and within the catchments. According to the individual degrees of water management influences in the four drainage basins, the climate sensitivity of river inflows is differently pronounced in each.

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Modeling Forest Cover Influences on Snow Accumulation, Sublimation, and Melt

Cited by 173 publications

References 33 publications

Impact of land-use changes on snow in a forested region with heavy snowfall in Hokkaido, Japan

Impact of land-use changes on snow in a forested region with heavy snowfall in Hokkaido, Japan

Topographic and vegetation effects on snow accumulation in the southern Sierra Nevada: a statistical summary from lidar data

Comparison of Water Flows in Four European Lagoon Catchments under a Set of Future Climate Scenarios

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