Modeling of heart sound morphology and analysis of the morphological variations induced by respiration

Tang, Hong; Gao, Jiao; Ruan, Chengjie; Qiu, Tianshuang; Park, Yongwan

doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.08.005

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This is originated from the regular hemodynamic changing in heart chambers and great vessel induced by respiration. This phenomenon was observed by the authors in all the subjects involved in the experiments [ 7 ]. To view the trend of respiratory phase with respect to the associated timing, a polynomial fitting is used to approximate the relation as indicated by the solid line in Figure 3(b) .…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…[ 5 ], medicine (epinephrine, etc.) [ 2 , 3 , 6 ], and physiological activities (respiratory) [ 7 , 8 ]. A normal respiratory process generally causes regular heart hemodynamic changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Greater splitting of S2 was observed during inspiration due to the earlier occurrence of the aortic component and a delay in the pulmonary component. Respiration has also been shown to modulate systolic and diastolic time intervals [ 7 , 8 ]. Amit et al [ 8 ] characterized the morphological variations induced by respiratory activity using the computational techniques of cluster analysis and classification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amit et al [ 8 ] characterized the morphological variations induced by respiratory activity using the computational techniques of cluster analysis and classification. The authors' study further proved that respiration has regular effect on the timing of the first heart sound (S1) [ 7 ]. The delay of S1 reached a maximum at late inspiration and reached a minimum at late expiration and the aortic component occurred earlier in inspiration and later in expiration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear Time Domain Relation between Respiratory Phase and Timing of the First Heart Sound

Tang

Park

Ruan

2015

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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The previous studies on respiratory physiology have indicated that inspiration and expiration have opposite effects on heart hemodynamics. The basic reason why these opposite hemodynamic changes cause regular timing variations in heart sounds is the heart sound generation mechanism that the acoustic vibration is triggered by heart hemodynamics. It is observed that the timing of the first heart sound has nonlinear relation with respiratory phase; that is, the timing delay with respect to the R-wave increases with inspiration and oppositely decreases with expiration. This paper models the nonlinear relation by a Hammerstein-Wiener model where the respiratory phase is the input and the timing is the output. The parameter estimation for the model is presented. The model is tested by the data collected from 12 healthy subjects in terms of mean square error and model fitness. The results show that the model can approximate the nonlinear relation very well. The average square error and the average fitness for all the subjects are about 0.01 and 0.94, respectively. The timing of the first heart sound related to respiratory phase can be accurately predicted by the model. The model has potential applications in fast and easy monitoring of respiration and heart hemodynamics induced by respiration.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…[ 5 ], medicine (epinephrine, etc.) [ 2 , 3 , 6 ], and physiological activities (respiratory) [ 7 , 8 ]. A normal respiratory process generally causes regular heart hemodynamic changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nonlinear Time Domain Relation between Respiratory Phase and Timing of the First Heart Sound

Tang

Park

Ruan

2015

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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“…With the opposite changes of heart hemodynamics in inspiration and expiration, the characteristics of respiratory variation in splitting is illustrated in Figure 2a. The morphology changes of heart sounds due to respiration have been investigated in recent years [12][13][14][15]. One real example of these variations of a healthy subject is shown in Figure 2b, where the S2s are sorted by respiratory phase.…”

Section: Physiology Of Respiratory Split In S2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination of Aortic and Pulmonary Components from the Second Heart Sound Using Respiratory Modulation and Measurement of Respiratory Split

Tang

Chen

2017

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: This work proposes a method to measure the respiratory split in a quantitative way. Based on the assumption model, the aortic component can be extracted by average and the pulmonary component can be estimated by subtracting. The calculation of the split is performed by timing difference of the two components. The method can track the respiratory split and has applications in monitoring heart response to respiration. Abstract:The second heart sound consists of aortic and pulmonary components. Analysis on the changes of the second heart sound waveform in respiration shows that the aortic component has little variation and the delay of the pulmonary component is modulated by respiration. This paper proposes a novel model to discriminate the aortic and pulmonary components using respiratory modulation. It is found that the aortic component could be simply extracted by averaging the second heart sounds over respiratory phase, and the pulmonary component could be extracted by subtraction. Hence, the split is measured by the timing difference of the two components. To validate the measurement, the method is applied to simulated second heart sounds with known varying splits. The simulation results show that the aortic and pulmonary components can be successfully extracted and the measured splits are close to the predefined splits. The method is further evaluated by data collected from 12 healthy subjects. Experimental results show that the respiratory split can be accurately measured. The minimum split generally occurs at the end of expiration and the split value is about 20 ms. Meanwhile, the maximum split is about 50 ms at the end of inspiration. Both the trend of split varying with respect to respiratory phase and the numerical range of split varying are comparable to the results disclosed by previous physiologists. The proposed method is compared to the two previous well known methods. The most attractive advantage of the proposed method is much less complexity. This method has potential applications in monitoring heart hemodynamic response to respiration.

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Automatic cardiac phase detection of mitral and aortic valves stenosis and regurgitation via localization of active valves

Saeidi

Almasganj

Shojaeifard

2017

Biomedical Signal Processing and Control

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Modeling of heart sound morphology and analysis of the morphological variations induced by respiration

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Nonlinear Time Domain Relation between Respiratory Phase and Timing of the First Heart Sound

Nonlinear Time Domain Relation between Respiratory Phase and Timing of the First Heart Sound

Discrimination of Aortic and Pulmonary Components from the Second Heart Sound Using Respiratory Modulation and Measurement of Respiratory Split

Automatic cardiac phase detection of mitral and aortic valves stenosis and regurgitation via localization of active valves

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