Modeling of Whispering Gallery Modes for Rare Earth Spectroscopic Characterization

Abstract

International audienceA refined model of a mid-IR amplifier, constituted by a tapered chalcogenide fiber coupled to an erbium-doped chalcogenide microsphere, is integrated with a global solution search procedure based on particle swarm optimization approach. It is implemented in a computer code in order to obtain an inversion algorithm useful to evaluate the spectroscopic parameters of rare-earth-doped glass microspheres. The rare earth parameters can be recovered by means of the optical gain measurement. The error in evaluation of the erbium lifetime τ41 is \textless;3.5%. It is \textless;0.5% for the other lifetimes and ion-ion interaction parameters. These excellent results are obtained since whispering gallery mode electromagnetic field interacts with rare earth for long effective distance

Sol–Gel Photonic Glasses: From Material to Application

“…The coupling may be optimized by moving the tapered fiber closer to the sphere to have a good overlap of the evanescent fields of the fiber taper and of the resonator modes. Analyses of WGM modes, of coupling conditions and of microlaser operation have been reported in several papers [ 77 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 ]. Figure 11 shows the sketch of a hybrid microbottle resonator, coated with iron oxide nanoparticles on the tapered end, together with the coupling tapered silica fiber; the fiber injects the pump light (in the 1550 nm band) into the resonator and extracts the Raman or Brillouin laser signals.…”

Comprehensive review of advances in the field of chalcogenide glass microresonators

“…The particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach is a generally used optimization procedure in which the optimization of the photonic system is possible by the simultaneous variation of design parameters. [116][117][118] Palma et al optimized the aforementioned system via the PSO approach and synthesized microspheres with a diameter in the range of 5-50 µm via the surface tension mold technique reported by Yano et al 119 An improved simulated gain of 33.7 dB is reported from a microsphere of radius 45 µm, [120][121][122] which is relatively higher than the conventional 3D numerical model based on coupled-mode theory. [123][124][125][126][127][128] A comparison of parameters between the deterministic approach reported in Ref.…”

Design of a Multi-Wavelength Fiber Laser Based on Tm:Er:Yb:Ho Co-Doped Germanate Glass

“…It is a global search technique inspired by the social behavior of a school of fish during the food-searching activity. It is derivative-free and can be adapted for multi-core processing [14], [26]- [28]. A special fitness function F is considered since simply maximizing the sum of the output powers would not yield a unique solution:…”