Modeling short-term variability of semivolatile organic chemicals in air at a local scale: An integrated modeling approach

SO-MUM: A Coupled Atmospheric Transport and Multimedia Model Used to Predict Intraurban-Scale PCB and PBDE Emissions and Fate

“…3,6 Emission factors for other POPs such as PCBs and PBDEs are less well studied and more uncertain. 7−11 Several studies have developed aggregate urban emission estimates for PCBs [12][13][14][15]16 at specific locations, expressed on an areal and/or per capita basis. This approach has typically relied on inverse mass balance modeling and air measurements to derive their estimates.…”

Modeling short-term concentration fluctuations of semi-volatile pollutants in the soil–plant–atmosphere system

“…Previous studies (i.e. MacLeod et al, 2007;Gasic et al, 2009;Morselli et al, 2011) have identified controls (such as temperature, local atmospheric stability, hydroxyl radical concentrations, and source type) for short-term concentration fluctuations of SVOCs in the atmosphere. In addition, numerical models describing plant uptake of SVOCs from soils and the atmosphere have been developed (Trapp and Matthies, 1995;Trapp, 2002Trapp, , 2007Trapp, , 2015Trapp and Eggen, 2013), the development of which eventually facilitated numerical investigations of plant uptake of organic pollutants in the soil-plant-atmosphere system (van den Berg and Leistra, 2004;Collins and Finnegan, 2010;Lichiheb et al, 2016).…”

“…Soils represent a terrestrial reservoir for legacy SVOCs and may (temporarily) act as secondary sources, re-volatilizing pollutants to the atmosphere due to changes in land use (Komprda et al, 2013), reduced anthropogenic emissions (Jones and de Voogt, 1999;Kurt-Karakus et al, 2006;Bao et al, 2015), and temperature changes. Re-volatilization happens due to changes in seasons and climate on the long term (Lamon et al, 2009;Ma and Cao, 2010;Ma et al, 2011;Komprda et al, 2013) or because of the diurnal cycle of solar radiation in the short term (Wallace and Hites, 1996;Lee et al, 1998;Gouin et al, 2002;Totten et al, 2002;Mandalakis et al, 2003;MacLeod et al, 2007;Gasic et al, 2009;Morselli et al, 2011); both are relevant for the environmental fate of SVOCs because they may influence volatilization rates from soils. Plants may play an important role as short-term sources and sinks of semi-volatile pollutants in the atmosphere depending on species and growing seasons (Buckley, 1982;Jones et al, 1992;Simonich and Hites, 1994a, 1994bKömp and McLachlan, 1997;Böhme et al, 1999;McLachlan, 1999;Hung et al, 2001;Moeckel et al, 2001;Barber et al, 2003Barber et al, , 2004Terzaghi et al, 2015).…”

“…Commonly, numerical models are used to investigate temperaturedriven soil-plant-atmosphere exchange of SVOCs by simulating sorption and diffusion in soils, partitioning to plants, and the temperature dependence of these processes (Cousins et al, 1999;Prevedouros et al, 2000;Hung et al, 2001;Scholtz et al, 2002aScholtz et al, , 2002bDalla Valle et al, 2004;MacLeod and Mackay, 2004;van den Berg and Leistra, 2004;Wegmann et al, 2004;MacLeod et al, 2007;Gasic et al, 2009;Collins and Finnegan, 2010;Morselli et al, 2011;Garcia et al, 2014;Loizeau et al, 2014;Trapp, 2015;Bao et al, 2015;Lichiheb et al, 2016). For instance, several models (i.e.…”

Guidance on the Selection of Efficient Computational Methods for Multimedia Fate Models

“…layered soil compartments) in order to gain a more accurate description of chemical movement. [10][11][12][13] Spatial variability of emissions and environmental scenarios was later introduced and handled in a variety of ways, from site specific models, to GIS/spatially explicit approaches. [14][15][16] More recently, a lot of effort was devoted to incorporating the influence of environmental scenario and chemical changes in the models: 17 from seasonal changes, such as vegetation cycles, to monthly/daily/hourly 18 variations of compartment properties, meteorological conditions, and physical-chemical properties.…”