Modeling the Heterodyne Efficiency of Array Detector Systems in the Presence of Target Speckle

Liu, Yutao; Zeng, Xiaodong; Cao, Changqing; Feng, Zhouming; Lai, Zhi; Fan, Zhaojin; Wang, Ting; Yan, Xu; Fan, Shuanglin

doi:10.1109/jphot.2019.2925846

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The focus of the optical coherent detection, such as the intensity and the phase distribution, has been reported to be very useful tool in investigating the spatial coherence property of a scattered light [6], [7], [8]. However, a randomly distributed granular intensity pattern, known as the speckle [9], [10], [11], [12], is generated when the coherent light illuminates on a scattering medium. Furthermore, the polarization state of the backscatter light is spatially scrambled by the multiple scattering media, resulting in the speckle Longkun Zhang and Weibiao Chen are with the Department of Optics and Optical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, and also with the Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China (email: zhanglongkun@mail.ustc.edu.cn; wbchen@siom.ac.cn).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Length of Polarization-Correlation Based on Speckle Pattern for Optical Coherent Detection

Zhang,

Sun,

et al. 2024

IEEE Photonics J.

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A length of polarization-correlation (LPC) based on speckle pattern of the non-uniform spatial polarization distribution is proposed and measured by using the classical measurement method of the Stokes polarization parameters for optical coherent detection. The LPC, which depends on the material of the scattering medium, is emphasized on the speckle scale. A gradually expanding window centered at the brightest spot of the speckle pattern, is designed to calculate the degree of polarization (DOP) of different speckle sizes. Moreover, the magnitude of LPC is equal to the speckle size that reaches a particular threshold on the DOP curve. It is experimentally demonstrated that the LPC is exploited to not only investigate the nature of the polarization changes between different speckle sizes, but also be combined with coherent efficiency. This study can provide new insights of speckle depolarization in optical coherent detection and open new opportunities for improving coherent efficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Length of Polarization-Correlation Based on Speckle Pattern for Optical Coherent Detection

Zhang,

Sun,

et al. 2024

IEEE Photonics J.

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“…The current solution for this situation is to beam expand the target echo, use multiple detectors to simultaneously heterodyne detect the target echo in each part of the expanded beam, and compensate the intermediate frequency photocurrent generated by each detector 2 of 11 through a post-processing algorithm [10,[20][21][22][23][24][25]. Its core is to design the corresponding algorithm to compensate for the phase noise according to the wavefront distribution characteristics of the target echo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Heterodyne Detection Based on Photon Time–Domain Differential Detection Avoiding the Effect of Decoherence Phase Noise

Guan,

Zhang,

Jia

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Laser heterodyne detection (LHD) is a key velocimetry technique that provides better accuracy and sensitivity than direct laser detection. However, random phase noise can be introduced by the surface topography of the moving target undulation or atmospheric turbulence during transmission. The random phase noise causes the target echo to undergo decoherence, resulting in degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Here, we propose a novel LHD method based on photon time–domain differential detection. It can infer the heterodyne spectrum of the target echo and the local oscillator light from the time intervals of the photon arrival. The time interval statistic is a relative quantity, which can effectively avoid the effect of random phase noise in LHD. With our method, the SNR of LHD can be improved in application scenarios where the target echo is decoherent. We developed a complete solution model for acquiring the heterodyne spectrum based on photon time–domain differential detection and performed proof-of-principle experiments. The experimental results show that in the presence of random phase noise, the SNR and velocity measurement error of our method are significantly better than that of the conventional method, and the larger the phase noise is, the more the SNR and velocity measurement error of our method are improved. Moreover, along with the increase in phase noise, the SNR of our method is basically unchanged, which also indicates that our method is not affected by random phase noise. This advantage is significant for photon-level weak echoes that require long detection times to be detected.

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“…After being proposed, this method has been further investigated by other scholars 15 – 17 Different from the genetic algorithm used in our studies, they have tried different optimization algorithms from the perspective of algorithm efficiency. However, it is difficult to avoid that, the optimization algorithms consume long iterative processing time, along with unstable search result and other problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensation method for spatial phase distortion based on autocorrelation in laser heterodyne detection

Dong

et al. 2022

Opt. Eng.

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The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of heterodyne detection is seriously reduced by the spatial phase distortion, so the compensation method of the phase distortion is of great significance for improving the performance of the heterodyne system. By replacing the single detector with an array detector in the system, the previous compensation method based on sequence shift and optimization algorithm has a certain effect. However, the method also has various shortcomings, such as long processing time, poor search stability, and possible false alarm, which severely limits its practical application. To solve the above-mentioned problems, the autocorrelation operation is used to achieve the equiphase superposition of the signals output by the elements of the array detector, thereby realizing the phase compensation. In comparison to the previous method, our method does not need an optimization algorithm, which avoids the long iterative operations and considerably improves the processing efficiency. Besides, this method avoids the false alarm caused by the optimization algorithm. The numerical calculation indicates that in case of severe phase distortion, the proposed method can increase the SNR by dozens of dB compared with the single-point detector system, thus proving the effectiveness of this method. The study results may provide a feasible and effective phase compensation method for improving and promoting the laser heterodyne detection performance.

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Modeling the Heterodyne Efficiency of Array Detector Systems in the Presence of Target Speckle

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Length of Polarization-Correlation Based on Speckle Pattern for Optical Coherent Detection

Length of Polarization-Correlation Based on Speckle Pattern for Optical Coherent Detection

Laser Heterodyne Detection Based on Photon Time–Domain Differential Detection Avoiding the Effect of Decoherence Phase Noise

Compensation method for spatial phase distortion based on autocorrelation in laser heterodyne detection

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