Modeling the Oleic Acid Content in Sunflower Oil

Abstract

showed that achenes produced in the cold climates of North America normally contain 70% or more linoleic Knowledge of the effects of temperature and geographic variables acid in oil while those produced in more southern lation the oleic acid content of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) oil allows us to predict the type of oil that will be produced in a particular tudes show levels as low as 30%.area. This study was designed to establish a simple empirical model,The genetic modification of sunflower oil fatty acids which uses available variables of previously established effects, to eshas also been a subject of research. Soldatov (1976) obtimate the final oleic acid composition of sunflower oil. Over two growtained a stable sunflower mutant by dimethyl sulfateing seasons, sunflower seeds were collected from Spain's main producinduced mutagenesis that gave rise to oil levels exceeding areas, and the oleic acid concentration of oil extracted from these ing 80% oleic acid. This high-oleic mutant showed no samples was analytically determined. The effects of two types of varisubstantial variation in fatty acid composition in reables (geographical position and temperature) on oil oleic acid content sponse to changes in environmental conditions (Fick, were determined according to three models based on the input vari-1984). ables: latitude, longitude, and altitude (Model I); mean minimum and Sunflower cultivars differ in the sensitivity of their maximum temperatures during the phenological stages of sunflower seed development and maturation (Model II); and a combination of oil properties to the environment. This sensitivity has both types of data (Model III). Through stepwise regression, it was es-been exploited both from a theoretical perspective, such tablished that best results were obtained using the temperature model as by enzyme inactivation induced by temperature changes (Model II) and the variables' mean minimum development and mean under natural conditions, as well as from an applied minimum and maximum maturation temperatures (r 2 ϭ 0.99, P Ͻ standpoint because it is possible to produce oil of differ-0.001, n ϭ 88). Of the three variables included in this model, the ent characteristics at different latitudes. mean minimum maturation temperature provided the closest estimate Robertson et al. (1978) showed that fatty acid compoof percentage oleic acid content. This regression model was statistically sition was highly correlated with latitude. Although they validated and is proposed as a method for crop managers to estimate found that saturated fatty acids showed scarce variation oleic acid content based on local temperatures. associated with the environment, oleic acid ranged from 14 to 50% between north and south while linoleic acid levels changed from 41 to 75% in the reverse direction.329

Effects of High Water Table and Short-Term Flooding on Growth, Yield, and Seed Quality of Sunflower

“…The mean air temperature tended to be lower and cumulative temperature tended to be higher in F7. Nagao and Yamazaki (1984) and Sobrino et al (2003) reported that the oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio increased with increasing temperature during the grain fi lling stage. In addition, seeds from plants grown at a low temperature had higher activities of microsomal oleoyl phosphatidylcholine desaturase that increase the contents of unsaturated lipids (Garces et al, 1992).…”

Physico-chemical attributes of seed oil from drought stressed sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i> L.) plants

“…This effect of water stress on the content of oil oleic and linoleic acid may be attributed to the activity of the enzyme ⌬12 desaturase (Baldini et al 2000). Baldini et al (2000) found that the increase in oleic acid was due to the activity of ⌬12 desaturase, responsible for the conversion of oleic to linoleic acid, which was affected due to water stress (Baldini et al 2000;Sobrino et al 2003). Furthermore, the author reported that this enzyme acts only for a very short period during the early development of the embryo in water stressed plants.…”

“…Furthermore, the author reported that this enzyme acts only for a very short period during the early development of the embryo in water stressed plants. Secondly, while working with sunflowers, Sobrino et al (2003) found a strong inverse relationship between oleic and linoleic acid contents and reported that the enzyme ⌬12 desaturase is responsible for these responses. However, Salera and Baldini (1998) observed no effect of water management on oleic acid content.…”

“…These different responses of cultivars may be due to different environments as cultivars respond differently to different environments (Connor and Sadras, 1992). While working with sunflowers, Sobrino et al (2003) found a balance between oleic and linoleic acids and strong inverse relationships were shown between their concentrations. It can be attributed to differential sensitivity of ⌬12 desaturase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of oleic to linoleic acid during embryo development, under water stress conditions (Lagravere et al, 2000).…”

Quality Characteristics of High-Oleic Sunflower Oil Extracted from Some Hybrids Cultivated under Egyptian Conditions

“…The oil containing a high level of oleic acid is preferred in nutritional use, whereas that having higher linoleic acid content is preferred by paint or fuel industry. Standard sunflower cultivars contain high linoleic acid, moderate oleic acid and low linolenic acid (Sabrino et al, 2003). Previously, both oil quality and rate in sunflower have been well documented by several researchers (Nolasco et al, 2004;Burton et al, 2004).…”