Modeling Wake Vortex Roll-Up and Vortex-Induced Forces and Moments for Tight Formation Flight

Kaden, André; Luckner, Robert

doi:10.2514/6.2013-5076

Cited by 14 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Tipto-tip distance can be negative as well, where the wing-tip of the following aircraft is positioned further inside on the leader's aircraft's wake. It has been reported in the literature that a small tip-to-tip distance will produces the greatest drag reduction for both extended and tight formations [4], [14].…”

Section: B Proximity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An inviscid CFD simulation was performed by Kless et al [3], where extended formation flight of two aircraft was studied with drag reduction of 54% and 35% for subsonic and transonic flows, respectively. A study conducted by Kaden and Luckner [4] employed a discrete vortex filament method to model wake vortex roll-up for tight formation flight where it was concluded that the inclusion of fluid physics such as viscosity Reynolds number are required for verification and validation of current modelling approaches for formation flight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Parametric study on efficient formation flying for a blended-wing UAV

Shin

Antoniadis

Tsourdos

2017

2017 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)

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This paper investigates aerodynamic performance improvements of formation flight at transonic speeds for a medium size Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The metric for assessing the aerodynamic improvement of formation flight is the computed drag. The total drag for each formation configuration is compared with a single UAV, where a final drag reduction percentage is estimated. The evaluation of the aerodynamic performance is conducted by employing an in-house Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver, grid generation and post processing tools. For critical understanding of the tendency of the formation efficiency depending on main parameters, broad formation configurations are analysed. The parameterisation includes number of aircraft, proximity and formation shape. Full realisation of the benefit predicted would need to be proven in the real world, but there is sufficient confidence to suggest that it exists: the empirical parametric analysis suggests that formation flight can improves aerodynamic performance and formation configuration greatly influence the degree of improvement.

show abstract

Section: B Proximity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric study on efficient formation flying for a blended-wing UAV

Shin

Antoniadis

Tsourdos

2017

2017 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)

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show abstract

“…In terms of propeller vortex, because of its regulation, people could use its energy and help to save fuel after some wind tunnel experiments and numerical analyses. 28 Finally, if UAV have flown into a terrible wind field. It may not be able to track the desired flight path well even almost out of control.…”

Section: Advices On Flight Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of various kinds of wind effects on unmanned aerial vehicle

Wang

Ali

et al. 2019

Measurement and Control

116

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Attitude, speed, and position of unmanned aerial vehicles are susceptible to wind disturbance. The types, characteristics, and mathematical models of the wind, which have great influence on unmanned aerial vehicle in the low-altitude environment, are summarized, including the constant wind, turbulent flow, many kinds of wind shear, and the propeller vortex. Combined with the mathematical model of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the mechanism of unmanned aerial vehicle movement in the wind field is illustrated from three different kinds of viewpoints including velocity viewpoint, force viewpoint, and energy viewpoint. Some simulation tests have been implemented to show the effects of different kinds of wind on unmanned aerial vehicle’s path and flight states. Finally, some proposals are presented to tell reader in which condition, which wind model should be added to simulation, and how to enhance the stability of unmanned aerial vehicle for different kinds of wind fields.

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“…Tip-to-tip distance can be negative as well, where the wingtip of the following aircraft is positioned further inside on the leader's aircraft's wake. It has been reported in the literature that a small tip-to-tip distance will produces the greatest drag reduction for both extended and tight formations [7,20]. For x-proximity a sensitivity analysis is performed with two aircraft in order to establish the stream-wise distance of aircraft.…”

Section: Proximity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An inviscid CFD simulation was performed by Kless et al [5], where extended formation flight of two aircraft was studied with drag reduction of 54 and 35% for subsonic and transonic flows, respectively. A study conducted by Kaden and Luckner [7] employed a discrete vortex filament method to model wake vortex rollup for tight formation flight where it was concluded that the inclusion of fluid physics such as viscosity Reynolds number are required for verification and validation of current modelling approaches for formation flight. There have been also recent studies undertaken to find an optimum spacing between the various units in formation and some studies cased light upon the effect of shape and size of the leader and follower [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Study on Formation Flying Effectiveness for a Blended-Wing UAV

Shin

Antoniadis

Tsourdos

2018

J Intell Robot Syst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper investigates aerodynamic performance improvements of formation flight at transonic speeds for a medium size Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The metric for assessing the aerodynamic improvement of formation flight is the computed drag. The total drag for each formation configuration is compared with a single UAV, where a final drag reduction percentage is estimated. The evaluation of the aerodynamic performance is conducted by employing an in-house Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver, grid generation and post processing tools. For critical understanding of the tendency of the formation efficiency depending on main parameters, broad formation configurations are analysed. The parameterisation includes number of aircraft, proximity and formation shape. Full realisation of the benefit predicted would need to be proven in the real world, but there is sufficient confidence to suggest that it exist: the empirical parametric analysis suggests that formation flight can improves aerodynamic performance and formation configuration greatly influence the degree of improvement.

show abstract

Modeling Wake Vortex Roll-Up and Vortex-Induced Forces and Moments for Tight Formation Flight

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Parametric study on efficient formation flying for a blended-wing UAV

Parametric study on efficient formation flying for a blended-wing UAV

An overview of various kinds of wind effects on unmanned aerial vehicle

Parametric Study on Formation Flying Effectiveness for a Blended-Wing UAV

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