Modélisation des objets historiques selon la fonction, l’espace et le temps pour l’étude des dynamiques urbaines dans la longue durée

Rodier, Xavier; Saligny, Laure

doi:10.4000/cybergeo.23175

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This results in the number of temporal relations increasing from 3-13 (see Figure 3), as well as the ability to reason in terms of duration over intervals and no longer on a succession of ordered instants [47,48]. However, even if this formalism is much richer (13 relations are proposed to manage time intervals), this approach has not yet spread in the world of archeology [49]. As we have seen, the topic of time in archeology is most important and very complex, though it has been too often neglected.…”

Section: From Harris To Allenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ontology-Based Photogrammetry Survey for Medieval Archaeology: Toward a 3D Geographic Information System (GIS)

et al. 2017

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This paper presents certain reflections concerning an interdisciplinary project between medieval archaeologists from the University of Florence (Italy) and computer science researchers from CNRS, National Center for Scientific Research, (France), aiming towards a connection between 3D spatial representation and archaeological knowledge. We try to develop an integrated system for archaeological 3D survey and all other types of archaeological data and knowledge by incorporating observable (material) and non-graphic (interpretive) data. Survey plays a central role, since it is both a metric representation of the archaeological site and, to a wider extent, an interpretation of it (being also a common basis for communication between the two teams). More specifically, 3D survey is crucial, allowing archaeologists to connect actual spatial assets to the stratigraphic formation processes (i.e., to the archaeological time) and to translate spatial observations into historical interpretation of the site. It is well known that laser scanner, photogrammetry and computer vision are very useful tools for archaeologists, although the integration of the representation of space, as well as archaeological time has not yet found a methodological standard of reference. We propose a common formalism for describing photogrammetric survey and archaeological knowledge stemming from ontologies: indeed, ontologies are fully used to model and store 3D data and archaeological knowledge. We equip this formalism with a qualitative representation of time, starting from archaeological stratigraphy. Stratigraphic analyses (both of excavated deposits and of upstanding structures) are closely related to Edward Cecil Harris's theory of the "Unit of Stratigraphication" (referred to as "US", while a stratigraphic unit of an upstanding structure Unita Stratigrafica Murale, in Italian, will be referred to as "USM"). Every US is connected to the others by geometric, topological and, eventually, temporal links, and these are recorded by the 3D photogrammetric survey. However, the limitations of the Harris matrix approach led us to use another formalism for representing stratigraphic relationships, namely Qualitative Constraints Networks (QCN), which was successfully used in the domain of knowledge representation and reasoning in artificial intelligence for representing temporal relations.

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Section: From Harris To Allenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in the number g from 3-13 (see Figure 3), as well as the ability to reason in terms of longer on a succession of ordered instants [47,48]. However, even if 3 relations are proposed to manage time intervals), this approach has rcheology [49]. re 3.…”

Section: Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontology-Based Photogrammetry Survey for Medieval Archaeology: Toward a 3D Geographic Information System (GIS)

et al. 2017

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“…Indeed, a material remain may stay in "systemic context" longer than another one more recently formed. Furthermore, the materiality of a stratigraphic unit may remain in use or may be reused through several successive phases of a historical entity (what is formalized for instance in the OH-FET urban evolution analysis model [32]).…”

Section: Stratigraphic Units and Historical Entitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From observed successions to quantified time: formalizing the basic steps of chronological reasoning

Desachy

2016

ACTA IMEKO

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This paper is about the chronological reasoning used by field archaeologists. It presents a formalized and computerizable but simple way to make more rigorous and explicit the moving from the stratigraphic relative chronology to the quantified “absolute” time, adding to the usual Terminus Post Quem and Terminus Ante Quem notions an extended system of inaccuracy intervals which limits the beginnings, ends and durations of stratigraphic units and relationships. These intervals may be processed as an inequations system, integrating stratigraphic order relationships and available dating sources. Questions about chronological units grouping, about the differences between stratigraphic time and historical time, about the extension of the exposed chronological frame to historic entities, and about the processing of uncertainties, are discussed. Finally, the present state of computerized tools using this way is briefly indicated.

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“…In this model, we worked on the assumption that a historical object is defined by its spatiality, its temporality and its functionality. This definition relies on the object identity definition proposed by D. Peuquet (Peuquet, 1994) for the geographical object and re-used for archaeology by (Galinié, Rodier, & Saligny, 2004;Rodier & Saligny, 2007;Rodier & Saligny, 2011). It also relies on "object's identity" concept understood as: "the property intrinsic to each object which allows it to be differentiated from all others" (Hallot, & Billen, 2016).…”

Section: Multiple Interpretation Data Model (Midm) Backgroundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of multiple interpretation data model concepts in CIDOC CRM and compatible models

Ruymbeke

Hallot

Nys

et al. 2018

Virtual archaeol. rev.

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Highlights: Cultural Heritage modelling involves two different ontological concepts: reality and information held about it. Historical Objects existence is a sequence made by events, stability periods and changes affecting it. Multiple Interpretation Data Model mapping to CIDOC CRM and its extension proposal take into account difference between reality and information. They also manage sequence concept. Abstract:Modelling cultural heritage is a research topic shared by a broad scientific community. Although this subject has been widely studied, it seems that some aspects still have to be tackled. This paper describes two CIDOC (ICOM's International Committee for Documentation) Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) extension proposals (A & B) dedicated to structuring knowledge concerning historical objects and historical events. It focuses on multiple interpretations and sequential reality, this last being a concept which does not exist in CIDOC CRM but was originally developed in another conceptual model, the Multiple Interpretation Data Model (MIDM). To begin, an extensive description of MIDM concepts is given as well as a recall of its main peculiarities. It is followed by a mapping proposed to translate MIDM concepts into ontologies devoted to describing cultural heritage entities and activities, the CIDOC CRM and compatible models. Unfortunately, some MIDM concepts are not covered by this mapping because they do not match with existing CRM entities and properties, and this paper explains why an extension is necessary. It describes how the two versions of the extension proposal cover the missing MIDM concepts. One of these two versions, the proposal A, has been implemented as ontology in Protégé and has been tested through an instantiation phase using a real example. This instantiation phase is fully detailed. It shows that proposal A works coherently with CRM ontologies. On another hand, instantiation phase highlights improvements needs such as recording chronology in a structured way.Keywords: ontology; sequential reality; reasoning process; documentation; virtual archaeology; cultural heritage Resumen:El modelado del patrimonio cultural es un tema de investigación ampliamente compartido por la comunidad científica. A pesar de que este tema ha sido ampliamente estudiado, parece que algunos aspectos aún tienen que ser abordados. Este artículo describe dos propuestas de extensión (A y B) del Modelo de Referencia Conceptual (CRM) CIDOC (ICOM's International Committee for Documentation) dedicado a estructurar el conocimiento concerniente a objetos históricos y eventos históricos. Se centra en múltiples interpretaciones y en la realidad secuencial, siendo este último un concepto que no existe en CIDOC CRM pero que fue originalmente desarrollado en otro modelo conceptual, el Modelo de Datos de Interpretación Múltiple (MDIM). Para empezar, se da una extensa descripción de los conceptos MDIM, así como un recuerdo de sus peculiaridades principales. Continúa con un mapeo propuesto para traducir conceptos MDIM en ontolo...

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Modélisation des objets historiques selon la fonction, l’espace et le temps pour l’étude des dynamiques urbaines dans la longue durée

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Ontology-Based Photogrammetry Survey for Medieval Archaeology: Toward a 3D Geographic Information System (GIS)

Ontology-Based Photogrammetry Survey for Medieval Archaeology: Toward a 3D Geographic Information System (GIS)

From observed successions to quantified time: formalizing the basic steps of chronological reasoning

Implementation of multiple interpretation data model concepts in CIDOC CRM and compatible models

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