Modelization and Characterization of a CMOS Camera as an Optical Real-Time Oscilloscope

Cossu, G.; Sturniolo, Alessandro; Ciaramella, E.

doi:10.1109/jphot.2020.3032951

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The measured and simulated CIS for T exp of 2 ms are highlighted in Figure 6 , showing that the obtained IS bandwidth (i.e., a 3 dB point) was 250 Hz. It is also noted that the mismatch between the measured and simulated response was caused by aliasing due to the limited sampling frequency of the IS and utilization of image compression techniques [ 38 ]. The CP 4-PAM encoded signal was then generated at a different bandwidth

of up to 1520 Hz.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Utilization of Artificial Neural Network Equalizer in Optical Camera Communications

Younus

Hassan

Ghassemlooy

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In this paper, we propose and validate an artificial neural network-based equalizer for the constant power 4-level pulse amplitude modulation in an optical camera communications system. We introduce new terminology to measure the quality of the communications link in terms of the number of row pixels per symbol Npps, which allows a fair comparison considering the progress made in the development of the current image sensors in terms of the frame rates and the resolutions of each frame. Using the proposed equalizer, we experimentally demonstrate a non-flickering system using a single light-emitting diode (LED) with Npps of 20 and 30 pixels/symbol for the unequalized and equalized systems, respectively. Potential transmission rates of up to 18.6 and 24.4 kbps are achieved with and without the equalization, respectively. The quality of the received signal is assessed using the eye-diagram opening and its linearity and the bit error rate performance. An acceptable bit error rate (below the forward error correction limit) and an improvement of ~66% in the eye linearity are achieved using a single LED and a typical commercial camera with equalization.

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of up to 1520 Hz.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Utilization of Artificial Neural Network Equalizer in Optical Camera Communications

Younus

Hassan

Ghassemlooy

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…A comprehensive and thorough explanation, along with new tools for performance measurements, was given in. 8 Typically, a camera can capture optical signals by using a frame of video acquisition, but its frame rate is often limited to a few hundreds frames per second (fps). In OCC, we typically exploit Rolling Shutter (RS) readout mode, 8 which is commonly present in the CMOS cameras.…”

Section: Positioning Technique 21 Cmos Camera Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical camera communications for indoor positioning: high accuracy, low cost, and low power consumption

Cossu,

Gilli,

Sturniolo

et al. 2024

Free-Space Laser Communications XXXVI

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Optical Camera Communication (OCC) can be employed for indoor positioning and navigation and it is suitable for environments where GPS signals are unavailable or unreliable. We developed a novel solution based on a network of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps placed on the ceiling, where each lamp emits a unique identification (ID) code made of a few simple sine waves. The code is detected by the camera sensor exploiting the rolling shutter and ad-hoc signal processing which does not need synchronization. The system only requires a single image to recognize different IDs captured by the camera, reducing the power consumption of the device. The position can operate in coarse and fine modes, with meter and centimeter accuracy, respectively. In both cases, a single LED lamp is enough for localization.

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“…Measurements are taken on the actual camera of a commercial smartphone, as a function of the intensity of the received signal (controlled attenuation in front of the camera) and all the parameters the camera can control (exposure time and ISO value). Further investigation may be possible to have full control over the optical recorder, such as characterization of saturation, bloom effect, and complete analysis of the RAW image format [9].…”

Section: Cmos Camera Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Oscilloscope Technology in the Early 21st Century: A Systematic Literature Review

Pandin¹

2021

Preprint

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Background: An oscilloscope is a basic tool for measuring electrical quantities, as well as studying all types of waveforms. Generally, measurement of a quantity is regarding peak voltage, frequency, phase difference, pulse width, delay time, etc. However, what about the oscilloscope technology that existed in the early the 21st-century? Purpose: Aim of this study is to identify and analyze the application and use of current oscilloscopes in the early 21st-century. Method: The research methodology used is qualitative research with a systematic literature review by taking journals from 2019-2020 on the IEEE, IOP, Science Direct, ArXiv, and Measurement Science Review journal databases. Results: The results obtained are a batch of 12 articles showing the application and use of oscilloscope technology at the beginning of the 21st century. Conclusion: The conclusions applied to the application of oscilloscope technology in the early 21st-century are centered on the field of education in the measurement of physical quantities and the use of measurement technology which has high efficiency and low cost.

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Modelization and Characterization of a CMOS Camera as an Optical Real-Time Oscilloscope

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

The Utilization of Artificial Neural Network Equalizer in Optical Camera Communications

The Utilization of Artificial Neural Network Equalizer in Optical Camera Communications

Optical camera communications for indoor positioning: high accuracy, low cost, and low power consumption

Application of Oscilloscope Technology in the Early 21st Century: A Systematic Literature Review

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