Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) and poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica II. Cacao and wood production, litter production and decomposition

Heuveldop, J.; Fassbender, H. W.; Alpízar, L.; Enríquez, Gustavo A.; Fölster, H.

doi:10.1007/bf02220107

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…On average, the cocoa beans made up 41% of the dry pod weights [13]. The average production values in both systems (1978-87) are therefore 0.7 t.ha-l .a -1 of beans and 1.0 t.ha-l.a -1 of non-utilizable husk.…”

Section: T Cacao Productionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…cacao production T. cacao pods were harvested every 15 days from the second experimental year (June 1979) until 1987. Separate fresh weights of beans and husks, produced by each of 32 T. cacao per plot, were determined from 1979-83 [9,13]. Over two years (1981 and 1982) samples were taken from each harvest to determine oven dry weights.…”

Section: Measurements Of Standing Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus statistical comparisons of the natural litterfall in the two systems cannot be made. Weekly measurements were made continuously from November 1981 until October 1987 [13].…”

Section: Litter Fallmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…nature of such studies. One of the exceptions is the Central Experiment of CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica, for which production data, biomass and nutrient cycling models have already been published for the agroforestry systems of Theobroma cacao or Coffea arabica with the shade trees Cordia alliodora or Erythrina poeppigiana [1,11,13,14]. However, these published models only covered the establishment phase (0-5 years age) and the intention is to continue evaluating the systems at 5 year intervals for a complete rotation of the tree components (possibly 20 years).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) or poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica

et al. 1990

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Predictive models were developed for Cordia alliodora branch and Theobroma cacao branch or leaf biomass based on branch basal areas (r 2 /> 0.79) but the model of C. alliodora leaf biomass, although significant, was of very low accuracy (r 2 = 0.09) due to annual leaf fall. At age 10 years, shade tree stem biomass accounted for 80% of the total above-ground biomass of either tree. However, between the ages of 6 and 10 years, the biomass increment of T. cacao branches (3-4 t.ha ~.a -t) was similar to that of the shade tree stems. During the same period, the net primary productivity was 35 and 28 t.ha=t.a -~, for the Erythrina poeppigiana and C. alliodora systems, respectively.Cocoa production under either of the shade trees C. alliodora or E. poeppigiana was 1000 kg.ha-t.a -t (oven-dry; ages 6-10 yr). During the same period, C. alliodora timber production was 9 m3.ha -~ .a -~ whilst the leguminous shade tree E. poeppigiana does not produce timber. Litterfall over the same 5 years, including crop and/or shade tree pruning residues, averages 11 and 23 t.ha-~.a -~, respectively. The main difference was due to E. poeppigiana pruning residues (10 t.ha-l.a-I).Soil organic material reserves (0-45 cm) increased over 10 years from 198 to 240 t.ha ~ in the E. poeppigiana plots and from 168-184t.ha -~ in the C. alliodora plots. These values, together with the productivity indices presented, provide evidence that the systems are sustainable.For economic reasons, the use of C. alliodora is recommended under the experimental conditions. However, on less fertile soils without fertilization, the greater biomass and hence nutrient return to the soil surface under E. poeppigiana, might make this the preferable shade tree. 230

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Section: T Cacao Productionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Measurements Of Standing Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus statistical comparisons of the natural litterfall in the two systems cannot be made. Weekly measurements were made continuously from November 1981 until October 1987 [13].…”

Section: Litter Fallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) or poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica

et al. 1990

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“…The study was carried out in the 'Central Experiment' of CATIE in Turrialba, Costa Rice [1,9,15] which was established in 1977.…”

Section: The Experimental Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) and cacao with poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica

et al. 1989

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The hydrological balances for the agroforestry systems of Theobroma cacao with Cordia alliodora or Erythrinapoeppigiana were calculated using measurements taken over four years (I983 1987) of the following parameters: climatic (precipitation, evaporation); edaphological (texture, soil moisture tension, hydraulic conductivity, variations in soil moisture content). Water fluxes (interception, simulation of transpiration and percolation) were estimated from one year of measurements (1986)(1987).

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Dinitrogen-fixation by three neotropical agroforestry tree species under semi-controlled field conditions

2007

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Cultivating dinitrogen-fixing legume trees with crops in agroforestry is a relatively common N management practice in the Neotropics. The objective of this study was to assess the N 2 fixation potential of three important Neotropical agroforestry tree species, Erythrina poeppigiana, Erythrina fusca, and Inga edulis, under semi-controlled field conditions. The study was conducted in the humid tropical climate of the Caribbean coastal plain of Costa Rica. In 2002, seedlings of I. edulis and Vochysia guatemalensis were planted in one-meter-deep open-ended plastic cylinders buried in soil within hedgerows of the same species. Overall tree spacing was 1 · 4 m to simulate a typical alley-cropping design. The 15 N was applied as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 at 10% 15 N atom excess 15 days after planting at the rate of 20 kg [N] ha -1 . In 2003, seedlings of E. poeppigiana, E. fusca, and V. guatemalensis were planted in the same field using the existing cylinders. The 15 N application was repeated at the rate of 20 kg [N] ha -1 15 days after planting and 10 kg [N] ha -1 was added three months after planting. Trees were harvested 9 months after planting in both years. The 15 N content of leaves, branches, stems, and roots was determined by mass spectrometry. The percentage of atmospheric N fixed out of total N (%N f ) was calculated based on 15 N atom excess in leaves or total biomass. The difference between the two calculation methods was insignificant for all species. Sixty percent of I. edulis trees fixed N 2 ; %N f was 57% for the N 2 -fixing trees. Biomass production and N yield were similar in N 2 -fixing and non-N 2 -fixing I. edulis. No obvious cause was found for why not all I. edulis trees fixed N 2 . All E. poeppigiana and E. fusca trees fixed N 2 ; %N f was ca. 59% and 64%, respectively. These data were extrapolated to typical agroforestry systems using published data on N recycling by the studied species. Inga edulis may recycle ca. 100 kg ha -1 a -1 of N fixed from atmosphere to soil if only 60% of trees fix N 2 , E. poeppigiana 60-160 kg ha -1 a -1 , and E. fusca ca. 80 kg ha -1 a -1 .

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Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) and poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica II. Cacao and wood production, litter production and decomposition

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) or poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica

Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) or poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica

Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) and cacao with poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica

Dinitrogen-fixation by three neotropical agroforestry tree species under semi-controlled field conditions

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