Modelling and finding optimal evacuation strategy for tall buildings

Aleksandrov, Mitko; Cheng, Cheng; Rajabifard, Abbas; Kalantari, Mohsen

doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2019.02.017

Cited by 39 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Yüksek binaların tahliyesinde akademik olarak geniş kabul gören bir sistem de sığınak katlarının kullanımıdır. Yapılan bazı çalışmalarda [16,23], [32][33][34] sığınak katlarının yüksek binalarda kullanımı, tasarım ilkeleri, asansörle birleşik kullanımı üzerine araştırmalar yapılmış ve tavsiyelerde bulunulmuştur. Bu çalışmalarda, acil durum esnasında tüm kullanıcıların sığınak katlarına yürüyerek inmesi ve buradan asansörle çıkış katına ulaştırılmaları oldukça yaygın bir metot tavsiyesidir.…”

Section: Yüksek Binaların Tahliyesinde Asansör Ve Merdiven Kullanımı ...unclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Yüksek binaların normal durum tahliye etkinliğinde asansör kullanımının analizi: İş kule örneği

Satir

Topraklı

2023

Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi

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Artan kentleşme ile yoğunlaşan kentlerde sınırlı alanın daha etkin kullanılabilmesi amacıyla yüksek yapıların sayısı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. İstanbul’un dünyada en çok yüksek bina bulunan 9. şehri olması, yüksek yapı konusunda ülkemizin yerini ve konuya verilmesi gereken önemi göstermektedir. Yüksek binalarda karşılaşılan en büyük problemlerden birisi, uzun tahliye süreleridir. Artan kat sayısı ile birlikte uzayan tahliye rotası tahliyeyi zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yüksek binaların tahliyesinde uzun yıllardır tartışılan ve araştırılan asansör ile tahliye konusu incelenmiştir. Dünya’da asansör ile tahliyeye izin veren standart ve yönetmelikler dile getirilmiştir. İstanbul’da yer alan ve yakın geçmişte Türkiye’nin en yüksek binası olma unvanını taşımış İş Kule binası üzerinden yapılan araştırmada, bina modeli simülasyonlarla analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada asansör kullanımının, binanın tahliye süresine etkisi incelenmiştir. Oluşturulan 5 farklı senaryoda, binadaki her katın kullanıcılarının hangi oranda merdiven ve asansör kullanımıyla en kısa tahliye süresine ulaşılabildiği incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular sonucu, binanın her katındaki kullanıcıların %25’inin asansörle, kalan %75’lik kısmın ise merdivenle tahliye edilmesiyle en kısa tahliye süresine ulaşıldığı görülmüştür. Bu senaryoda, sadece merdiven kullanımına göre tahliye süresinde yaklaşık %18’lik bir kısalma gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca binanın tahliye elemanlarının en etkin şekilde kullanılmasına engel olan mimari etmenlerden bahsedilmiştir.

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Section: Yüksek Binaların Tahliyesinde Asansör Ve Merdiven Kullanımı ...unclassified

“…Bunun dışında katlar arası homojen bir kullanıcı yükü dağılımı olduğu söylenebilir. Şekil 5'te İş Kule'nin (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). katlar tip planı) bir kat modelinin simülasyon görüntüsü verilmiştir.…”

Section: Merdivenle Tahliye Senaryosu-s1 (Stair Evacuation Scenario-s1)unclassified

Yüksek binaların normal durum tahliye etkinliğinde asansör kullanımının analizi: İş kule örneği

Satir

Topraklı

2023

Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi

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“…Especially after the disaster of WTC 9/11 that raised concerns about avoiding disorder, improving human life safety and the effectiveness of evacuation strategies in high-rise buildings. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Fire safety requirements in high-rise buildings are usually more challenging than in low-rise buildings since even a single fire may cause massive casualties, 5,10 resulting in raised concerns regarding the need for building fire safety regulations to ensure the timely evacuation of high-rise buildings. In addition, there are various ways of providing fire safety, from complying with regular prescriptive codes (PC) to specific measures such as fire engineering approach, performance-based designs and engineering performance-based fire codes for extraordinary buildings where the PC could be inadequate due to various reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cai and Chow 22 studied numerically a fire safe elevator system for supertall buildings by providing an elevator accessible on each floor level and passing through the refuge place. Aleksandrov et al 10 proposed a method for finding an optimal evacuation strategy for tall buildings enabling people to use the available egress components in an optimal way; considering the stochastic nature of people's behaviour, modelling the randomness in decision-making of people and the capacities of egress components. Recently, Kızılkaya Öksüz et al 23 proposed a fuzzy vulnerability decision-making methodology to detect and visualize escape route vulnerabilities, which produced the highest impact on the interoperability of fire safety and architectural design practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis and validation on the phased evacuation time in high-rise buildings

Wu,

Mizuno,

Park

2023

Indoor and Built Environment

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The main aim of this study is to investigate the numerical analysis of phased evacuation and validate the feasibility of high-rise buildings using the control volume model. Based on the same spatial configuration, the number of participants on each floor, and four-phased evacuations of an actual fire drill conducted by a Japanese academic group in 2018, the numerical analysis results for these phased evacuations of this high-rise building have been investigated. The numerical results are in good agreement with the fire drill data in the aspects of the total number of people reaching the ground floor, the space-time feature curve and the first participant on each floor descending to the ground floor. The changes in the number of waiting participants versus time on each floor were obtained and compared in this study with the fire drill data to comprehend the transient situations of the internal participants in this high-rise building during the phased evacuation. Furthermore, the results of the first-order approximation method of NFPA, the Melinek and Booth method and the Route B calculation of the Japanese Building Center Verification Method for the total building evacuation are presented to discuss the differences between the phased evacuation and the total building evacuation.

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“…In addition, building conditions are associated with the egress route that pedestrians take in evacuation and have therefore been considered in many studies. These previous studies have examined the relationship between pedestrian flow and building conditions, including building use (e.g., high-rise building and underground) [16][17][18], stairs [5,19,20], corridors [21][22][23][24], and doors [25][26][27][28][29]. A door is one of the important building conditions as it is an exit for pedestrian evacuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consideration of the Door Opening Process in Pedestrian Flow: Experiments on Door Opening Direction, Door Handle Type, and Limited Visibility

et al. 2020

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The door is a section prone to bottlenecks and is an important element in the study of pedestrian flow. Therefore, characteristics of doors (e.g., width, location, and the distance between doors) have been taken into consideration in the existing literature related to doors. According to several previous studies, it appears likely that the door opening process (DOP) influences pedestrian flow. However, the number of studies examining the DOP remains small. Therefore, to enhance understanding of pedestrian flow, we examined two door characteristics that could affect the DOP (opening direction (swing door: push or pull) and handle type (knob, lever, and panic bar)) and limited visibility. We conducted a walking experiment to take all variables (10 cases; 10 participants per case) into account. Statistical analysis was performed on the difference in movement times, and the results were as follows: (1) inclusion of the DOP affected pedestrian flow; (2) when visibility was limited, movement times with DOP inclusion increased significantly regardless of the door opening direction and handle type; (3) when the door opening direction was ‘push’, regardless of limited visibility and door handle type, movement times with DOP inclusion were significantly lower; and (4) the door handle type did not result in any significant difference in movement times with DOP inclusion. In addition, we calculated the delay time based on the experiment results, to include the DOP in pedestrian flow (push 1.96–2.88 s, pull 3.91–4.43 s; limited visibility: push 7.38–12.56 s, and pull 12.88–16.35 s). The results of this study could be used as basic data for the development of codes/regulations, engineering guidance, and egress models for doors.

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Modelling and finding optimal evacuation strategy for tall buildings

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

Yüksek binaların normal durum tahliye etkinliğinde asansör kullanımının analizi: İş kule örneği

Yüksek binaların normal durum tahliye etkinliğinde asansör kullanımının analizi: İş kule örneği

Numerical analysis and validation on the phased evacuation time in high-rise buildings

Consideration of the Door Opening Process in Pedestrian Flow: Experiments on Door Opening Direction, Door Handle Type, and Limited Visibility

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