“…In many studies, attempts have been made to quantitatively model different adsorption mechanisms [12], different binding isotherms [14,24] and the entire membrane chromatographic process, i.e., the mass transfer coupled with binding kinetics [11,13]. In these approaches, dead volumes in membrane chromatography systems are traditionally modeled by one plug flow reactor (PFR) and one continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in series [10,11], or by lumping the overall peak broadening and tailing effects into a fixed volume of a mixing cell [15].…”