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AbstractLittle information is available regarding the landscape ecology of woodland invertebrate species with limited dispersal ability. An investigation was therefore conducted within woodland fragments in an agricultural landscape for the flightless wood cricket (Nemobius sylvestris) on the Isle of Wight, UK. The current pattern of distribution of the species, established during a field survey, was related to measures of habitat availability and habitat isolation/fragmentation. Results revealed that wood cricket populations were patchily distributed and mainly found in relatively large mature woodland fragments situated closely (<50 m) to another occupied site. Although the occurrence of wood cricket was related to fragment area, isolation, habitat availability and woodland age, a logistic regression model revealed that presence of the species was most accurately predicted by fragment isolation and area alone. These results highlight the vulnerability of relatively immobile woodland invertebrate species, such as wood cricket, to the potential negative impacts of habitat fragmentation.Keywords: woodland; forest; habitat availability; fragmentation; landscape scale; invertebrate; insect; wood cricket; Nemobius sylvestris; Isle of Wight.
IntroductionIn recent years, many habitats and species have been subjected to increasing anthropogenic pressures. Activities such as agricultural intensification and exploitation of natural resources have resulted in substantial habitat loss and fragmentation (e.g. Forman and Godron 1986;Andrén 1994), which are increasingly being recognised as principal drivers of biodiversity loss worldwide (Hanski 1998;Fahrig 2003). These effects are typically evident at the landscape scale, with many landscapes now being characterised by a mosaic of different agricultural land use types with fragments of native habitat embedded within them (e.g. Peterken 2000; Newton 2007).In fragmented landscapes, the distribution and abundance of species is commonly influenced by the quality and amount of habitat available within individual habitat fragments, and the spatial configuration of fragments within the landscape (Andrén 1994;Fahrig 2003). In terrestrial environments, the factors most commonly examined in relation to patterns of species diversity at the landscape scale are measures of fragment or patch area and connectivity. A substantial body of literature is now available documenting the influence of these factors (Andrén 1994;Mazerolle and Villard 1999;Bennett 1999Bennett , 2003Ewers and Didham 2006;Bailey 2007). Many studies have recorded a positive relationship between species diversity and fragment area and a negative relationship between diversity and the degree of isolation, consistent with island biogeography theory Wilson 1963, 1967). However, these relationships vary in their precise response and degree of significance among and within different taxonomic groups, primarily because of variation in habitat specialisation and the level of permeability of the m...