Modelling hysteretic behaviour in magnetorheological fluids and dampers using phase-transition theory

Abstract

A dynamical mathematical model is proposed to model the hysteretic behaviour of magnetorheological fluids and dampers using phase-transition theory. To construct the model involving hysteresis, the magnetorheological fluids are assumed to be switchable between different phases upon the application of a shear strain rate, with one solid-like phase and two fluid-like phases. The Landau theory for phase transition is employed to model the dynamics of the phase transition in the fluids. The proposed model is able to capture hysteresis loops, and is rate dependent (frequency dependent). A comparison between predicted and experimental behaviour of the damper is presented, and perfect agreement is obtained.

New Cyanine–Oligonucleotide Conjugates: Relationships between Chemical Structures and Properties

“…The interest in using cyanines as DNA or RNA noncovalent labels [51][52][53][54][55][56] comes from the work of Lee et al [57] However, only a few polymethine (Cy3, Cy5, Cy5.3, and Cy5.5) and two monomethine cyanines (TO and YO) have been covalently linked to ODN and PNA probes. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] The interactions of a few other cyanines, including thiocyanine and quinocyanines, with nucleic acids have been investigated and have shown an increase in the fluorescence signal. [58,59] Following this information and our previous results obtained with TO, we chose to synthesize a series of monomethine cyanines and to attach them to various positions on ODNs involving the four nucleic bases.…”

“…4TO and 4TO' correspond to the monomethine cyanines, referred as TO and TO' in the literature, that have already been linked to peptide nucleic acids [34][35][36][37][38][39][40] and homoODNs. [41][42][43][44][45][46] We also synthesized them for the purpose of comparison with the new ODN-cyanine conjugates.…”

“…YO has been linked to ODNs [32][33] and TO to peptide nucleic acids (PNA) [34][35][36][37][38][39][40] and to ODNs. [41][42][43][44][45][46] In our previous work, TO was linked to an internucleotidic position on Abstract: Because the influence of the chemical structure of monomethine cyanine-oligo-2'-deoxyribonucleotide (ODN) conjugates on their binding and fluorescence properties has remained largely undetermined, we synthesized and studied a wide range of conjugates with various structural patterns. Different cyanine dyes such as thiocyanine, quinocyanine, and thiazole orange isomers were obtained.…”

Recent advances in fiber-optic DNA biosensors

“…The fluorescent enhancement or quenching was occurred when the complementary DNA was associated with the probe sequence (Figure 3). Wang and Krull [35,36,37] had investigated thiazole orange dyes were covalently linked to the 5'-end of the oligonucleotides, providing for a self-contained labeling strategy for detection of hybrids. The biosensors provided changes in steady-state fluorescence intensity signals upon hybridization that reached saturation in seconds to minutes, and were able to provide a quantitative determination of hybridization at nanomolar detection limits.…”

Semi-Active Control Using Magnetorhelogical Dampers with Output Feedback and Distributed Sensing

“…Dominguez et al [4] developed a current-frequency-amplitude dependent Bouc-Wen model and an identification method. Other damper models include the phase-transition model of Wang and Kamath [5], and modified LuGre friction model of Jiménez andÁlvarez-Icaza [6] and Sakai et al [7].…”