The specimens of microalloyed ferrite and austenite were severally deformed by complex metal forming processing (accumulative angular drawing-AAD, wire drawing-WD, wire flattening-WF) up to a total effective strain of 2.86, at room temperature. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and digital microstructure representation (DMR) analysis have been used to compare the deformed microstructural evolution of both model materials. The high angle boundaries associated with the deformation bands were formed at the total accumulated strains of 1.8 ÷ 2.0 observed in the last passes of wire drawing. Then, ultrafine-grained and lamella structures were observed as a result of wire flattening. It was observed that the microalloyed ferrite refined more rapidly with work hardening than the microalloyed austenite. Evaluation of the processing route along with dislocation substructure cooperative relationship allows for design of ultrafine-grained and multilayered materials with controlled structure inhomogeneity in order to achieve desirable mechanical response.