Modelling of entrainment in industrial flotation cells: Water recovery and degree of entrainment

Zheng, Xiaofeng; Johnson, N. W.; Franzidis, J.-P.

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2005.11.005

Cited by 143 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The entrainment recovery, in all size fractions, is less than the corresponding water recovery, although the recovery of the finer size fraction (i.e., under 25 µm) closely approaches the water recovery value. These results are comparable to those of most of the previous works on this subject, taking into account the water recovery range and the particles size studied [5][6][7][8][9]21]. As expected, the recovery by true flotation is generally greater than the recovery by entrainment, with the exception of the finer fraction of the FeO.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

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Influence of Froth Height on Column Flotation of Kaolin Ore

Pita

2017

Minerals

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Abstract:The influence of the froth height in the reverse flotation of kaolinitic ore was analyzed based on the recovery by entrainment and by true flotation of iron, titanium and manganese oxides (FeO, TiO 2 and MnO). Also, the influence of the particle size in the drainage process was analyzed. The recovery by entrainment and by true flotation of the three oxides is inversely proportional to the froth height. The entrained particles are drained more easily in the froth phase than the floated particles since they are not attached to the bubbles. The recovery by entrainment and drainage of the entrained material is similar for the three oxides. However, the recovery by true flotation and drainage of the floated material is different for the three oxides. FeO has the lowest recovery, as a consequence of the minor contribution of its hydrophobic minerals, while MnO has the greatest recovery values. For the entrained material, the finest fraction is entrained more easily, but it is also drained more easily, meaning these particles have more mobility in the froth zone. For the true floated material, the finest fraction is drained more easily, indicating the greater mobility of these particles in the froth; however, the coarsest fraction is drained more easily than the two intermediate fractions, indicating the weaker attachment of the larger particles to the bubbles.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In fact, for the three coarser fractions the y-intercept of the linear regression decreases slightly with increasing particle size. These results are in agreement with previous studies by Subrahmanyam and Forssberger [6], Kirjavainen [7], Zheng et al [8], and Warren [11], in which they concluded that fine particles are more easily entrained.…”

Section: Oxidesupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of Froth Height on Column Flotation of Kaolin Ore

Pita

2017

Minerals

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“…In this paper there are examples where an increase in gas flowrate can decrease the degree of entrainment (deep froths) and examples where increasing froth depth (at low gas flowrates) increases the degree of entrainment. Increasing degrees of entrainment with froth height (at a low gas flowrate) have previously been observed by Zheng et al (2006) who collected data from an Outokumpu 3 m 3 pilot tank cell operating under various operating conditions (four different gas flowrates and four different froth heights) using ore diverted from the feed of a rougher bank of the Xstrata Mt. Isa Mines copper concentrator.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…It is often thought that these two parameters affect the recovery by entrainment by changing the residence time and therefore the time available for water and particle drainage (Zheng et al, 2006).…”

Section: Entmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intuitively, froth residence time may also affect entrainment (water recovery and the degree of entrainment) as longer times would result in more water drainage and potentially more solids to drain preferentially to the water (Zheng, et al, 2006). In the literature, froth residence time is commonly calculated by either of the following equations based on the air and the slurry in the froth (Gorain et al, 1998;Lynch et al, 1981;Schwarz and Grana, 2005;Szatkowski, 1987):…”

Section: Froth Residence Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Entrainment in froth flotation: The degree of entrainment and its contributing factors

2016

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In froth flotation, the degree of entrainment affects the concentrate grade and it is often assumed to be only a function of particle size in models. Literature suggests that other variables might also have a significant impact on the degree of entrainment. In this study, a factorial batch flotation experiment using a mixture of liberated chalcopyrite and two liberated gangue minerals, quartz and hematite, was performed to investigate the effects of these other variables (including impeller speed, gas flowrate, froth height and the specific gravity of gangue mineral) on the degree of entrainment. Results show that the degree of entrainment varied significantly as the flotation test conditions changed. Particle density and the interaction between gas flowrate and froth height had a statistically significant effect on the average degree of entrainment measured for the entire test. The degree of entrainment also significantly changed with flotation time throughout each experiment. It is hypothesised that these effects are a consequence of the degree of entrainment being affected by the weight of particles (not just their size) because of its effect on particle settling as well as the froth structure which provides varying resistance to particle drainage. It is concluded that models for the degree of entrainment that incorporate only particle size are not sufficient to predict gangue recovery and concentrate grade in an industrial application.

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