Modelling of hemodynamics in bifurcation lesions of coronary arteries before and after myocardial revascularization

Abstract

Modelling of patient-specific hemodynamics for a clinical case of severe coronary artery disease with the bifurcation stenosis was carried out with allowance for standard angiographic data obtained before and after successfully performed myocardial revascularization by stenting of two arteries. Based on a non-Newtonian fluid model and an original algorithm for fluid dynamics computation operated with a limited amount of initial data, key characteristics of blood flow were determined to analyse the features of coronary disease and the consequences of its treatment. The results of hemodynamic modelling near bifurcation sites are presented with an emphasis on physical, physiological and clinical phenomena to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach. The main limitations and ways to minimize them are the subjects of discussion as well. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 2)’.

Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 2)

“…These studies are continued in the papers [37][38][39][40], where multiscale modelling of such phenomena based on the phase-field, phase-field crystal, molecular dynamics and cellular automata methods has been carried out. The effects of external processes such as magnetic fields and hydrodynamic flows on transport peculiarities have been analysed in [19,[41][42][43]. In addition, applications of nonlinear haemodynamics to myocardial revascularization are studied in [19] with special attention to the influence of bifurcation lesions in coronary arteries.…”

“…The effects of external processes such as magnetic fields and hydrodynamic flows on transport peculiarities have been analysed in [19,[41][42][43]. In addition, applications of nonlinear haemodynamics to myocardial revascularization are studied in [19] with special attention to the influence of bifurcation lesions in coronary arteries. The effects of stochastic forcing and, in particular, coloured-noises, on transport phenomena and formation of complex oscillatory regimes, are shown in studies [44,45].…”

“…In the present issue, the problems of equilibrium, non-equilibrium, and noise-induced phase transitions and transport and relaxation phenomena in metastable and biologically active systems, field-sensitive materials, soft composites and biological tissues are considered.

Figure 1 Blood velocity and streamlines in the bifurcation area before the vessel stenting (see, for details, [ 19 ]). (Online version in colour.)

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“…(Online version in colour.)

Figure 2 Tangential stresses at different times of the cardiac cycle near the bifurcation site of the left coronary artery before ( a ) and after ( b ) stenting (see, for details, [ 19 ]). (Online version in colour.)

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“… Blood velocity and streamlines in the bifurcation area before the vessel stenting (see, for details, [ 19 ]). (Online version in colour.)…”