Modelling of micro-damage and intrinsic self-healing in unidirectional CFRP composite structures

Smojver, Ivica; Ivančević, Darko; Dominik, Brezetić

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115266

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Upon damage, the encapsulated healing agent is released and self-healing is initiated [27]. In contrast, intrinsic self-healing materials contain specific reversible chemical bonds that allow multiple healing steps to occur at the same site upon damage, and the self-healing process takes place [28,29]. These bonds include, for example, the Diels-Alder reaction [30], radical-based systems [31], supramolecular interactions [32,33], ionic interactions [34], metal-ligand interactions [35] etc.…”

Section: Functionality and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-healing materials for potential use in textile and clothing applications

Dannehl

Buhr

Leyton

et al. 2023

cdatp

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Self-regenerating, polymer-based textiles emulate living organisms’ ability to heal broken skin and other lesser injuries. To achieve this effect, either intrinsic or extrinsic methods of having polymeric compounds mend these damages can be employed. Depending on the method used, the handling and results of the self-regenerating effect differ. This allows for different areas of application. The focus of this paper is to discuss some of these potential textile applications as well as related research and developments in the area of self-healing materials.

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Section: Functionality and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-healing materials for potential use in textile and clothing applications

Dannehl

Buhr

Leyton

et al. 2023

cdatp

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“…From figure 12 that presents the ultimate stress of the initial material, and the ultimate stress of the healed material, the healing efficiency h = σ ult heal σ ult init (25) (as defined in [38]) is calculated approximately at 40%.…”

Section: Microscale Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Limited research efforts can be found regarding multiscale methods combined with damage healing mechanics. Smojver et al [25] proposed a micromechanical material model with uncoupled healing with damage of a composite material using the rule of mixtures to predict the laminate's healing behavior in an explicit integration analysis with cyclic loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The healing is incorporated into the suggested model in a coupled healing mechanism. The mean-field methods have been successfully applied in the CDM framework before [25,26] but to the authors' knowledge, there is no published work that incorporates a multiscale modeling procedure based on the Eshelby's theory for strain localization and applied in a coupled healing mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiscale modeling of extrinsic self healing GFRP materials

Tsivolas

Gergidis

Paipetis

2022

Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.

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In this study, a novel multiscale material model is proposed to simulate the elasto-plastic damage-healing behavior of an epoxy matrix in a composite material. This framework combines the non-linear mean field homogenization methodologies with the continuum damage-healing mechanics (CDHM) to achieve the healing process in a coupled manner along with the damage. The model is able to predict the time dependent healing effect combined with damage propagation.In the proposed multiscale model, the healing depends on the current damage of the matrix, the available time that the healing can evolve and the rate of healing. A parametric study with respect to the rate of healing and a time dependency analysis were performed to examine the sensitivity of the model. In addition, a microscale method to calculate the healing initiation and healing efficiency is proposed using a representative volume element (RVE) of an epoxy matrix with healing microcapsules. The microscale simulation showed that with 7.5 % volume fraction of microcapsules 40 % of the structural integrity can be recovered.

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“…This type of materials is based on special covalent bonding interactions that allow polymer chains to flow upon heating and have the potential to heal internal cracks within the composites’ matrix [ 4 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 16 ]. Recently, Smojver et al [ 21 ] presented a micromechanical constitutive model of an intrinsically mendable CFRP. The utilized specimens consist of a bis-maleimide (BMI) tetrafuran polymer (trade code: 2MEP4F), and unidirectional carbon (UD) fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening and Healing of CFRPs by Diels–Alder-Based Nano-Modified Resin through Melt Electro-Writing Process Technique

Κοτρώτσος

Michailidis

Γείτονα

et al. 2022

IJMS

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In the current study, a novel approach in terms of the incorporation of self-healing agent (SHA) into unidirectional (UD) carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) has been demonstrated. More precisely, Diels–Alder (DA) mechanism-based resin (Bis-maleimide type) containing or not four layered graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) at the amount of 1 wt% was integrated locally in the mid-thickness area of CFRPs by melt electro-writing process (MEP). Based on that, CFRPs containing or not SHA were fabricated and further tested under Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness experiments. According to experimental results, modified CFRPs exhibited a considerable enhancement in the interlaminar fracture toughness properties (peak load (Pmax) and fracture toughness energy I (GIC) values). After Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness testing, the damaged samples followed the healing process and then were tested again under identical experimental conditions. The repeating of the tests revealed moderate healing efficiency (H.E.) since part of the interlaminar fracture toughness properties were restored. Furthermore, three-point bending (3PB) experiments were conducted, with the aim of assessing the effect of the incorporated SHA on the in-plane mechanical properties of the final CFRPs. Finally, optical microscopy (OM) examinations were performed to investigate the activated/involved damage mechanisms.

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Modelling of micro-damage and intrinsic self-healing in unidirectional CFRP composite structures

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Self-healing materials for potential use in textile and clothing applications

Self-healing materials for potential use in textile and clothing applications

Multiscale modeling of extrinsic self healing GFRP materials

Toughening and Healing of CFRPs by Diels–Alder-Based Nano-Modified Resin through Melt Electro-Writing Process Technique

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