Modelling Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves in Layered Media: An Up-to-Date Perspective

Imperatore, Pasquale; Iodice, Antonio; Pastorino, Matteo; Pinel, Nicolás

doi:10.1155/2017/7513239

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…More precisely, the backscattering coefficient at a certain point of the observed scene might be expressed in terms of the functional form σ 0 = σ 0 (χ l , m), where χ l is the LIA and m is the vector representing the (geometric and dielectric) local parameters of the surface or layered structure [40,41] (e.g., interfacial roughness, dielectric permittivity, vegetation cover, etc.). The m-dependence formally underlines the fact that σ 0 might be locally sensitive to the electromagnetic and geometric properties of the ground cover class.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SAR Imaging Distortions Induced by Topography: A Compact Analytical Formulation for Radiometric Calibration

Imperatore

2021

Remote Sensing

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Modeling of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging distortions induced by topography is addressed and a novel radiometric calibration method is proposed in this paper. An analytical formulation of the problem is primarily provided in purely geometrical terms, by adopting the theoretical notions of the differential geometry of surfaces. The novel and conceptually simple formulation relies on a cylindrical coordinate system, whose longitudinal axis corresponds to the sensor flight direction. A 3D representation of the terrain shape is then incorporated into the SAR imaging model by resorting to a suitable parametrization of the observed ground surface. Within this analytical framework, the area-stretching function quantitatively expresses in geometrical terms the inherent local radiometric distortions. This paper establishes its analytical expression in terms of the magnitude of the gradient of the look-angle function uniquely defined in the image domain, thus resulting in being mathematically concise and amenable to a straightforward implementation. The practical relevance of the formulation is also illustrated from a computational perspective, by elucidating its effective discrete implementation. In particular, an inverse cylindrical mapping approach is adopted, thus avoiding the drawback of pixel area fragmentation and integration required in forward-mapping-based approaches. The effectiveness of the proposed SAR radiometric calibration method is experimentally demonstrated by using COSMO-SkyMed SAR data acquired over a mountainous area in Italy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SAR Imaging Distortions Induced by Topography: A Compact Analytical Formulation for Radiometric Calibration

Imperatore

2021

Remote Sensing

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“…The first-order SPM can be used if the rms-heights of rough surfaces are small compared to the incident wavelength and if the gradients of the surface heights are small compared to 1 [1,2]. The SSA has a wider validity domain of the SPM and bridges the gap between the SPM and the Kirchhoff Approximation.…”

Section: Direct Models For the Incoherent Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electromagnetic modeling is a valuable tool for radar data inversion to intend to characterize the geometrical and electrical properties of layered structures. The analytical models are based on physical approximations which reduce the applicability domain [1][2][3]. Within their domains of applicability, these models allow a fast analysis of the multilayered structures by means of analytical formulae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inversion of Electrical and Geometrical Parameters of a Stratified Medium From Data Derived From the Small Perturbation Method and the Small Slope Approximation

Djedouani¹,

Afifi²,

Dusséaux³

2021

PIER B

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The goal of the present paper is on retrieving the electrical and geometrical parameters of a stratified medium with two rough interfaces. The inversion problem is formulated as a cost function optimization problem, and it is solved using the simulated annealing algorithm. The cost function consists in the integrated squared deviation between the co-polarized incoherent intensities obtained from the Small Slope Approximation and those obtained from the Small Perturbation Method. The inversion scheme is applied to the electrical and geometrical parameters involved into the analytical expressions of the incoherent intensities given by the SPM. We study the influence of the shape of the autocorrelation function and the isotropy factor upon the estimation of parameters. We test the sensitivity of the inversion scheme to noisy synthetic data. The study is applied to snow-covered soils in L-band. For the configurations under study, we show that the inverse method is efficient for eightparameter or ten-parameter predicting problems.

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“…The quantity 0 u designates the layer average thickness. The two boundaries are located at the height 1 i a x y are much smaller than 1 so that the perturbation method may be used to study wave scattering [6]- [8]. The cross-spectrum 12 ( , ) R  is given in the following form:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilook Intensity Ratio Distribution for 3-D Layered Structures With Slightly Rough Interfaces

Dusséaux

Afifi

2020

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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We derive the statistics for the multilook intensity ratio for a multilayered medium bounded by randomly rough surfaces. Calculations are carried out in the context of the firstorder small perturbation method and assume slightly rough surfaces of infinite extent and centered Gaussian height distributions. We show that the probability distributions for the co-polar and cross-polarized intensity ratios for n-look data are functions of three parameters and that the mean exists for 1 n  and the variance for 2 n . The obtained theoretical expressions are verified by comparison with Monte-Carlo results.

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Modelling Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves in Layered Media: An Up-to-Date Perspective

Cited by 21 publications

References 110 publications

SAR Imaging Distortions Induced by Topography: A Compact Analytical Formulation for Radiometric Calibration

SAR Imaging Distortions Induced by Topography: A Compact Analytical Formulation for Radiometric Calibration

Inversion of Electrical and Geometrical Parameters of a Stratified Medium From Data Derived From the Small Perturbation Method and the Small Slope Approximation

Multilook Intensity Ratio Distribution for 3-D Layered Structures With Slightly Rough Interfaces

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