Modelling shock loadings and starvation in the biofiltration of toluene and xylene

Métris, Aline; Gerrard, A Mark; Cumming, R. H.; Weigner, Pavel; Páca, Jan

doi:10.1002/jctb.422.abs

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…It has been previously stated that especially in systems where biofilms are formed, the microbial culture is always subject to interactions such as symbiosis, competition for space or substrates and dynamic communities may occur (Carvalho et al, 2001). Also, Metris et al (2001) reported that the total biomass comprises not only pollutant degraders but other microorganisms as well, defined as ''secondary biomass.'' Therefore, the increase in the percentage of GJ10 when subject to DCE starvation in both systems can be due to the different decay rates that different microbial species have within a dynamic community.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Bioscrubber Microbial Dynamics Using Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of an oil absorber as a strategy to overcome starvation periods in degrading 1,2‐dichloroethane in waste gas

Koutinas

Baptista

Peeva

et al. 2006

Biotech & Bioengineering

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This work investigates the use of an oil absorber as an operational strategy in vapor phase bioreactors exposed to starvation periods, during the treatment of inhibitory pollutants. After being exposed to 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) starvation periods, the response and stability of a combined oil-absorber-bioscrubber (OAB) system was compared to that of a bioscrubber only (BO) system. In the BO system, after a 5.2 days starvation period, the DCE removal efficiency was reduced to 12%, and 6 days were needed to recover the initial removal efficiency when the DCE feed resumed. The total organic discharged (TOD(DCE)) was 16,500 g(DCE) m(bioscrubber) (-3) after the DCE starvation. Biomass analysis performed using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) showed that the microbial activity was significantly reduced during the starvation period and that 5 days were needed to recover the initial activity, after the re-introduction of DCE. In contrast, the performance of the OAB system was stable during 5.2 days of DCE starvation. The DCE removal efficiency was not affected when the DCE feed resumed and the TOD(DCE) was significantly reduced to 2,850 g(DCE) m(bioscrubber) (-3). During starvation, the activity of the microbial culture in the OAB system showed a substantially lower decrease than in the BO system and recovered almost immediately the initial activity after the re-introduction of DCE. Additionally, a mathematical model describing the performance of the OAB system was developed. The results of this study show that the OAB system can effectively sustain the biological treatment of waste gas during starvation periods of inhibitory pollutants.

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Section: Analysis Of the Bioscrubber Microbial Dynamics Using Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of an oil absorber as a strategy to overcome starvation periods in degrading 1,2‐dichloroethane in waste gas

Koutinas

Baptista

Peeva

et al. 2006

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…A few studies discuss the starvation and restart of biofilters or biotrickling filters for air pollution control (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Most of these studies are concerned with compost-based biofilters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Starvation on the Performance and Re-acclimation of Biotrickling Filters for Air Pollution Control

Cox

Deshusses

2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

104

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Biotrickling filters for air pollution control are expected to encounter fluctuating conditions or periods without pollutant supply. In the present study, we investigated the effect of pollutant starvation in bench-scale biotrickling filters treating toluene. The experimental protocol consisted of starving biotrickling filters under various conditions: with or without airflow, with or without liquid recycle, and with or without an alternate carbon source (glucose) supply. The duration of the period without toluene was varied from 2 to 9 days, during time which the biotrickling filters were monitored for biomass content, endogenous and toluene-induced oxygen uptake rates during starvation, and toluene overall elimination capacity after restart. During starvation, all reactors lost their ability to degrade toluene within 5 days, regardless of the mode of starvation. The biomass content significantly decreased during starvation, in particular in those reactors where the recycle liquid was maintained, but this decrease was not critical for future re-acclimation. Glucose addition to starved biotrickling filters had several detrimental effects. It resulted in a faster decrease of the biomass content and slowed the reacclimation phase. Overall, the results show that the reacclimation of toluene-degrading biotrickling filters after periods of nonuse is short (10-24 h to re-establish full performance), and they suggest that, in the case of toluene-degrading biotrickling filters, re-acclimation time is largely governed by the induction of key pollutant-degrading enzymes.

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“…Bioreactors for air pollution control are often exposed to non-ideal conditions such as fluctuating inlet concentrations or air flows, or pollutant starvation rather than steady conditions typical of laboratory experiments (Deshusses et al, 1996;Shareefdeen and Baltzis, 1994). Among non-ideal conditions, pollutant starvation is one frequently occurring in practical situations (Cox and Deshusses, 2002;Metris et al, 2001) and one of concern for FEBR operation. Pollutant starvation may be the result of interruptions in the plant operation, weekend recess, or equipment malfunctions leading to interruptions in the feed of pollutant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deactivation of cells and decrease of performance are often observed over the long-term in biofilters because of deteriorating environmental conditions, such as accumulation of byproducts or nutrient limitation resulting in biokinetic limitations (Holubar et al, 1999;Moe and Irvine, 2001;Morgenroth et al, 1996;Song et al, 2003). Also, most of bioreactors for air pollution control are exposed to non-ideal conditions such as fluctuating pollutant loads and periods of pollutant starvation, which may affect pollutant removal efficiency (Cox and Deshusses, 2002;Metris et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous operation of foamed emulsion bioreactors treating toluene vapors

Kan

Deshusses

2005

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Continuous operation of a new bioreactor for air pollution control called the foamed emulsion bioreactor (FEBR) has been investigated. The effect of several liquid feeding strategies was explored. The FEBR exhibited high and steady toluene removal performance (removal efficiency of 89%-94%, elimination capacity of 214-226 g/m3h at toluene inlet concentration of 1 g/m3) for up to 360 h, when 20% of the culture was replaced every 24 h by a nutrient solution containing 4 g/L of potassium nitrate as a nitrogen source. This feeding mode supported a high cell activity measured as INT reduction potential and active cell growth without being subject to nitrogen limitation. In comparison, operating the FEBR with the liquid in a closed loop (i.e., batch) resulted in a significant decrease of both the removal efficiency of toluene and INT reduction activity. Operation with feeding active cells resulted in stable and effective treatment, but would require a significant effort for mass culture preparation. Therefore, the continuous process with periodically feeding nutrients was found to be the most practical and effective operating mode. It also allows for stable operation, as was shown during removal of low concentration of toluene or after pollutant starvation. Throughout the study, INT reduction measurements provided insight into the process. INT reduction activity data proved that under normal operating conditions, the FEBR performance was limited by both the kinetics and by mass transfer. Overall, the results illustrate that engineered gas-phase bioreactors can potentially be more effective than conventional biofilters and biotrickling filters for the treatment of air pollutants such as toluene.

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Modelling shock loadings and starvation in the biofiltration of toluene and xylene

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The use of an oil absorber as a strategy to overcome starvation periods in degrading 1,2‐dichloroethane in waste gas

The use of an oil absorber as a strategy to overcome starvation periods in degrading 1,2‐dichloroethane in waste gas

Effect of Starvation on the Performance and Re-acclimation of Biotrickling Filters for Air Pollution Control

Continuous operation of foamed emulsion bioreactors treating toluene vapors

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