Modelling the Components of Plant Respiration: Some Guiding Principles

Cannell, M. G. R.

doi:10.1006/anbo.1999.0996

Cited by 367 publications

(255 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Phosphorus derives from weathering of soil minerals at a site, in contrast to nitrogen, much of which may be fixed from the atmosphere by plants. (5) Dark respiration rate (R mass ) reflects metabolic expenditure of photosynthate in the leaf, especially protein turnover and phloem-loading of photosynthates 16 . (6) Leaf lifespan (LL) describes the average duration of the revenue stream from each leaf constructed.…”

Section: Data Set and Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The worldwide leaf economics spectrum

Wright

Reich

Westoby

et al. 2004

Nature

7,534

582

9,277

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Bringing together leaf trait data spanning 2,548 species and 175 sites we describe, for the first time at global scale, a universal spectrum of leaf economics consisting of key chemical, structural and physiological properties. The spectrum runs from quick to slow return on investments of nutrients and dry mass in leaves, and operates largely independently of growth form, plant functional type or biome. Categories along the spectrum would, in general, describe leaf economic variation at the global scale better than plant functional types, because functional types overlap substantially in their leaf traits. Overall, modulation of leaf traits and trait relationships by climate is surprisingly modest, although some striking and significant patterns can be seen. Reliable quantification of the leaf economics spectrum and its interaction with climate will prove valuable for modelling nutrient fluxes and vegetation boundaries under changing land-use and climate.Green leaves are fundamental for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Their pigments are the predominant signal seen from space. Nitrogen uptake and carbon assimilation by plants and the decomposability of leaves drive biogeochemical cycles. Animals, fungi and other heterotrophs in ecosystems are fuelled by photosynthate, and their habitats are structured by the stems on which leaves are deployed. Plants invest photosynthate and mineral nutrients in the construction of leaves, which in turn return a revenue stream of photosynthate over their lifetimes. The photosynthate is used to acquire mineral nutrients, to support metabolism and to re-invest in leaves, their supporting stems and other plant parts.There are more than 250,000 vascular plant species, all engaging in the same processes of investment and reinvestment of carbon and mineral nutrients, and all making enough surplus to ensure continuity to future generations. These processes of investment and re-investment are inherently economic in nature [1][2][3] . Understanding how these processes vary between species, plant functional types and the vegetation of different biomes is a major goal for plant ecology and crucial for modelling how nutrient fluxes and vegetation boundaries will shift with land-use and climate change. Data set and parametersWe formed a global plant trait network (Glopnet) to quantify leaf economics across the world's plant species. The Glopnet data set spans 2,548 species from 219 families at 175 sites (approximately 1% of the extant vascular plant species). The coverage of traits, species and sites is at least tenfold greater than previous data compilations [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] , extends to all vegetated continents, and represents a wide range of vegetation types, from arctic tundra to tropical rainforest, from hot to cold deserts, from boreal forest to grasslands. Site elevation ranges from below sea level (Death Valley, USA) to 4,800 m. Mean annual temperature (MAT) ranges from 216.5 8C to 27.5 8C; mean annual rainfall (MAR) ranges from 133 to 5,300 mm per year. This cove...

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Section: Data Set and Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The worldwide leaf economics spectrum

Wright

Reich

Westoby

et al. 2004

Nature

7,534

582

9,277

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…in Arabidopsis and possibly in rice and other plants (Abe et al, 2005)] determines the duration available for the plant to harvest the photosynthate in its life span and thereby correlates well with plant height and grain yield. Respiration is considered to affect biomass as it uses up the reserves/photosynthate (Cannell and Thornley, 2000). However, in organisms with wellcoupled respiration, the demand due to cell proliferation, hence growth, is more likely to render respiration supportive of biomass generation (Smith, 1995) rather than its loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in organisms with wellcoupled respiration, the demand due to cell proliferation, hence growth, is more likely to render respiration supportive of biomass generation (Smith, 1995) rather than its loss. Therefore we addressed the question, whether respiration has any ontogenic role beyond the usual models of plant energetics (Cannell and Thornley, 2000), by a careful comparison of the detailed dynamics of plant growth with respiration with attention to variations intrinsic to growth processes, in rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiration hastens maturation and lowers yield in rice

Sitaramam

Bhate

Kamalraj

et al. 2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Role of respiration in plant growth remains an enigma. Growth of meristematic cells, which are not photosynthetic, is entirely driven by endogenous respiration. Does respiration determine growth and size or does it merely burn off the carbon depleting the biomass? We show here that respiration of the germinating rice seed, which is contributed largely by the meristematic cells of the embryo, quantitatively correlates with the dynamics of much of plant growth, starting with the time for germination to the time for flowering and yield. Seed respiration appears to define the quantitative phenotype that contributes to yield via growth dynamics that could be discerned even in commercial varieties, which are biased towards higher yield, despite considerable susceptibility of the dynamics to environmental perturbations. Intrinsic variation, irreducible despite stringent growth conditions, required independent validation of relevant physiological variables both by critical sampling design and by constructing dendrograms for the interrelationships between variables that yield high consensus. More importantly, seed respiration, by mediating the generation clock time via variable time for maturation as seen in rice, directly offers the plausible basis for the phenotypic variation, a major ecological stratagem in a variable environment with uncertain water availability. Faster respiring rice plants appear to complete growth dynamics sooner, mature faster, resulting in a smaller plant with lower yield. Counter to the common allometric views, respiration appears to determine size in the rice plant, and offers a valid physiological means, within the limits of intrinsic variation, to help parental selection in breeding.

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“…The separation of microbial respiration into growth and maintenance terms is motivated by similar formulations in other microbial (Beefting et al, 1990;Van Bodegom, 2007), vegetation growth (Foley et al, 1996;Cannell and Thornley, 2000;Arora, 2002;Thornley, 2011;Pretzsch et al, 2014), and ecosystem-scale (Sistla et al, 2014) models. Growth respiration is applied after requirements for maintenance respirations are met and is proportional to newly built microbial tissues.…”

Section: Partitioning Between Maintenance and Growth Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing models of microbial–substrate interactions and their response to warming

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Recent developments in modelling soil organic carbon decomposition include the explicit incorporation of enzyme and microbial dynamics. A characteristic of these models is a positive feedback between substrate and consumers, which is absent in traditional first-order decay models. With sufficiently large substrate, this feedback allows an unconstrained growth of microbial biomass. We explore mechanisms that curb unrestricted microbial growth by including finite potential sites where enzymes can bind and by allowing microbial scavenging for enzymes. We further developed a model where enzyme synthesis is not scaled to microbial biomass but associated with a respiratory cost and microbial population adjusts enzyme production in order to optimise their growth. We then tested short-and long-term responses of these models to a step increase in temperature and find that these models differ in the long-term when shortterm responses are harmonised. We show that several mechanisms, including substrate limitation, variable production of microbial enzymes, and microbes feeding on extracellular enzymes eliminate oscillations arising from a positive feedback between microbial biomass and depolymerisation. The model where enzyme production is optimised to yield maximum microbial growth shows the strongest reduction in soil organic carbon in response to warming, and the trajectory of soil carbon largely follows that of a first-order decomposition model. Modifications to separate growth and maintenance respiration generally yield short-term differences, but results converge over time because microbial biomass approaches a quasi-equilibrium with the new conditions of carbon supply and temperature.

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Modelling the Components of Plant Respiration: Some Guiding Principles

Cited by 367 publications

References 65 publications

The worldwide leaf economics spectrum

The worldwide leaf economics spectrum

Respiration hastens maturation and lowers yield in rice

Comparing models of microbial–substrate interactions and their response to warming

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