Modelling the potential spread of Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pitch canker in Europe

Möykkynen, Timo; Capretti, P.; Pukkala, Timo

doi:10.1007/s13595-014-0412-2

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…forests in Europe. Möykkynen et al [82] modeled the rate of spread of F. circinatum as a function of several factors, among which included host distribution and flight distance of insect vectors. Their model showed that because of the short distance at which spores are dispersed and the fragmentation of pine forests, unless there will be new introductions, the pathogen will most likely not spread to northern Europe.…”

Section: Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Host Variability on the Spread of Invasive Forest Diseases

Prospero

Cleary

2017

Forests

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Biological invasions, resulting from deliberate and unintentional species transfers of insects, fungal and oomycete organisms, are a major consequence of globalization and pose a significant threat to biodiversity. Limiting damage by non-indigenous forest pathogens requires an understanding of their current and potential distributions, factors affecting disease spread, and development of appropriate management measures. In this review, we synthesize innate characteristics of invading organisms (notably mating system, reproduction type, and dispersal mechanisms) and key factors of the host population (namely host diversity, host connectivity, and host susceptibility) that govern spread and impact of invasive forest pathogens at various scales post-introduction and establishment. We examine spread dynamics for well-known invasive forest pathogens, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz, Hosoya, comb. nov., causing ash dieback in Europe, and Cryphonectria parasitica, (Murr.) Barr, causing chestnut blight in both North America and Europe, illustrating the importance of host variability (diversity, connectivity, susceptibility) in their invasion success. While alien pathogen entry has proven difficult to control, and new biological introductions are indeed inevitable, elucidating the key processes underlying host variability is crucial for scientists and managers aimed at developing effective strategies to prevent future movement of organisms and preserve intact ecosystems.

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Section: Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Host Variability on the Spread of Invasive Forest Diseases

Prospero

Cleary

2017

Forests

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“…Sporadic outbreaks have been also reported in Italy and France (Carlucci, Colatruglio, & Frisullo, ; EFSA, ), but in both cases the pathogen has been officially eradicated (EPPO Global database, https://gd.eppo.int/). Although the probability of establishment of F. circinatum in Europe is high, considering the presence of susceptible hosts and the suitable climate conditions present in several countries (EFSA, ; Möykkynen, Capretti, & Pukkala, ; Watt, Ganley, Kriticos, & Manning, ), it is more likely that new outbreaks will be the result of new introductions, for example entry of contaminated material into zones where the pathogen is not yet present (Möykkynen et al, ; Santana, Coetzee, Wingfield, Wingfield, & Steenkamp, ). In contrast, it seems that the spread of spores, by the wind or insect vectors, is less efficient and less important than accidental introductions (Möykkynen et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the probability of establishment of F. circinatum in Europe is high, considering the presence of susceptible hosts and the suitable climate conditions present in several countries (EFSA, ; Möykkynen, Capretti, & Pukkala, ; Watt, Ganley, Kriticos, & Manning, ), it is more likely that new outbreaks will be the result of new introductions, for example entry of contaminated material into zones where the pathogen is not yet present (Möykkynen et al, ; Santana, Coetzee, Wingfield, Wingfield, & Steenkamp, ). In contrast, it seems that the spread of spores, by the wind or insect vectors, is less efficient and less important than accidental introductions (Möykkynen et al, ). It has, however, been shown that F. circinatum inoculum may be dispersed by the wind over at least midrange distances, reaching in some cases up to 1,000 m (Dvořák, Janoš, Botella, Rotková, & Zas, ; Fourie et al, ; Garbelotto, Smith, & Schweigkofler, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of molecular detection of Fusarium circinatum in insects and passive spore traps in Pinus radiata plantations

Aguayo¹,

Fourrier‐Jeandel²,

Capdevielle

et al. 2020

Forest Pathology

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Fusarium circinatum is the causal agent of pitch canker, a destructive disease that threatens natural and planted pine forests around the world. Although pitch canker has caused problems in Spain and Portugal, concerning Europe as a whole, the fungus is not established across the pine distribution area. Its dispersion by wind and/or insect vectors could nevertheless play a role in the colonization of currently uninfected stands. It is therefore crucial to develop monitoring tools for its detection. To this end, we assessed the molecular detection of the pathogen in environmental samples of bark beetles and passive spore traps, collected in two infected Pinus radiata plantations in Basque country, Spain. The spread pattern of F. circinatum was assessed by an experimental design that included insect and spore traps installed at the centre, at the edge and outside the plots. Our results showed that F. circinatum was detected in both types of samples, at almost all collection dates. In both type of samples, positive detections were mainly found at the centre of the plots, a lower proportion at the edge, and very few outside. This suggests that long‐distance dispersion of Fusarium circinatum does not rely on wind spore dispersal neither on insect flight. Our study also shows that molecular methods are a powerful tool to monitor the pathogen in environmental samples.

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“…Its macro-and microconidia (asexual spores) are also spread by wind, water and insect vectors that infect trees through weather-related injures and wounds associated with insect feeding and pruning [20][21][22][23]. Understanding the temporal and spatial spore dispersal is, thus, critical for fine tuning efficient control measures that limit the disease expansion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is not known how far the airborne spores may be dispersed [2], it was concluded that the conidia of F. circinatum have limited flight distance potential [2,23,24]. According to Garbelotto et al [24] its dispersal is little influenced by the wind direction and speed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spore Dispersal Patterns of <em>Fusarium Circinatum</em> on an Infected Monterey Pine Forest in North-Western Spain

Dvořák¹,

Janoš²,

Botella³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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The airborne inoculum of Fusarium circinatum, the fungal pathogen causing Pine Pitch Canker (PPC), is one of the main means of spread of the disease in forest stands and forest nurseries.Since this world-wide known pathogen was introduced in Europe, its biology in this newly infected area still remains scarcely known. To shed more light on this topic, we set an experiment on a naturally PPC infected forest of Monterey pine in Galicia (NW Spain) with the following two goals: (i) to describe the seasonal spore dispersal pattern during one year of regular sampling and (ii) to assess the spatial spore dispersal pattern around the infested plot.Portable rotating arm spore traps were used and complemented with meteorological measurements. The abundance of F. circinatum spores in the samples was evaluated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) with hydrolysis probe. The results showed almost permanent occurrence of the air inoculum throughout the whole year, being detected in 27 of the 30 samplings. No clear temporal trends were observed, but higher air inoculum was favoured by previous lower air temperatures and lower leaf wetness. Conversely, neither rainfall nor air humidity seemed to have any significant importance. The spatial spread of the inoculum was noted to be successful up to a distance of 1000 m in the wind direction, even with winds of just 5 m s -1 . Our study shows that rotating arm spore traps combined with qPCR may be an efficient tool for F. circinatum detection.

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Modelling the potential spread of Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pitch canker in Europe

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of Host Variability on the Spread of Invasive Forest Diseases

Effects of Host Variability on the Spread of Invasive Forest Diseases

Assessment of molecular detection of Fusarium circinatum in insects and passive spore traps in Pinus radiata plantations

Spore Dispersal Patterns of <em>Fusarium Circinatum</em> on an Infected Monterey Pine Forest in North-Western Spain

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