Modelling the processes of cliff-top erosion and deposition under extreme storm waves

Hansom, James D.; Barltrop, Nigel; Hall, Adrian M.

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2008.02.015

Cited by 127 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In a recent paper, Goff et al (2010) examined the physics of the boulder transport and concluded that the suspension is unrealistic, whereas the entrainment and/or the saltation are more probable. These types of transport were directly surveyed by Mastronuzzi and Sansò (2004) for boulders moved by a four day stormhundred-thousand of waves-occurred in Adriatic Sea on January 2003 or hypothesized by Hall et al (2006Hall et al ( , 2008 and by Hansom et al (2008) for the terrible storms impacting on the high British cliffs facing on the North Sea. Despite the conclusions reached by Goff et al (2010), the general features of the boulders, the absence of significant smaller fragments, the presence of a delicate and continuous band of algal rim and of sparse bio-concretions, all together seem to suggest a transport characterised by a single movement, eluding the possibility that boulders could have been rounded by the abrasion on the surf bench.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the boulder accumulation process, is the impacting wave height more important compared to the wave length and to the wave period? Different theories have been proposed in the recent time, but the final reply is still far away (Nott, 2003;Goto et al, 2007Goto et al, , 2009bGoto et al, , 2010bHansom et al, 2008;Imamura et al, 2008;Pignatelli et al, 2009;Barbano et al, 2010). The more easy reply is that if a wave can be described by height, length and period, the best way to evaluate its impact on a rocky coast should consider these parameters all together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Terrestrial Laser Scanner techniques in the assessment of tsunami impact on the Maddalena peninsula (south-eastern Sicily, Italy)

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The coastline of the Maddalena peninsula (south-eastern Sicily, Italy) is characterised by the occurrence of a boulder field associated to an extended soil stripping area and by a gravel/sandy berm. The accumulation of the boulders has been mostly correlated to the impact of the December 28, 1908 tsunami wave. The use of Terrestrial Laser Scanner survey techniques, associated to Differential Global Position System determinations, permits to obtain new data for the assessment of tsunami impact on this coastal area. The computing of the surveyed data using the most recent equations is a useful tool in order to estimate the theoretic inundation limit and to reconstruct its variability in function of the boulders size and of the coastal topography. Moreover, the entire new data set allows to confirm that the hypothesis of the tsunami impact is the most reasonable to explain the occurrence of boulders weighing up to 50 tons on the Maddalena peninsula.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial Laser Scanner techniques in the assessment of tsunami impact on the Maddalena peninsula (south-eastern Sicily, Italy)

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since these flow velocities would have caused rolling transport of ESA 9, ambiguities remain for the joint-bounded boulder scenario, which tends towards significant overestimation (Switzer and Burston, 2010;Etienne, 2012). Discrepancies may for instance be related to the overestimation of strain forces between the block and the strongly karstified reef body, or to the underestimation of the waves' impact and lift forces approaching the cliffs and their associated jets (Hansom et al, 2008). However, flow velocities of 8.2 m s −1 are required for the subsequent rolling transport of ESA 5, which is in agreement with the flow velocities inferred from ESA 7 and 9.…”

Section: Boulder Transport and Flow Velocities Inferred By Inverse Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Block and boulder transport in Eastern Samar (Philippines) during Supertyphoon Haiyan

May¹,

Engel²,

Brill³

et al. 2015

Earth Surf. Dynam.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Fields of dislodged boulders and blocks record catastrophic coastal flooding during strong storms or tsunamis and play a pivotal role in coastal hazard assessment. Along the rocky carbonate coast of Eastern Samar (Philippines) we documented longshore transport of a block of 180 t and boulders (up to 23.5 t) shifted upslope to elevations of up to 10 m above mean lower low water level during Supertyphoon Haiyan on 8 November 2013. Initiation-of-motion approaches indicate that boulder dislocation occurred with flow velocities of 8.9-9.6 m s −1 , which significantly exceeds depth-averaged flow velocities of a local coupled hydrodynamic and wave model (Delft3D) of the typhoon with a maximum < 1.5 m s −1 . These results, in combination with recently published phase-resolving wave models, support the hypothesis that infragravity waves induced by the typhoon were responsible for the remarkable flooding pattern in Eastern Samar, which are not resolved in phase-averaged storm surge models. Our findings show that tsunamis and hydrodynamic conditions induced by tropical cyclones may shift boulders of similar size and, therefore, demand a careful re-evaluation of storm-related transport where it, based on the boulder's sheer size, has previously been ascribed to tsunamis.

show abstract

“…More recently, research attention has shifted its focus to the role of impacting wave height compared to the wave length and to the wave period. Different theories have been proposed (Goto et al, 2007(Goto et al, , 2009(Goto et al, , 2010Hansom et al, 2008;Imamura et al, 2008;Pignatelli et al, 2009;Nandasena et al, 2011), suggesting that in order to evaluate the wave impact on a rocky coast, these parameters should be considered all together.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Boulder accumulations related to extreme wave events on the eastern coast of Malta

Biolchi

Furlani

Antonioli

et al. 2016

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The accumulation of large boulders related to waves generated by either tsunamis or extreme storm events have been observed in different areas of the Mediterranean Sea. Along the eastern low-lying rocky coasts of Malta, five sites with large boulder deposits have been investigated, measured and mapped. These boulders have been detached and moved from the nearshore and the lowest parts of the coast by sea wave action. In the Sicily-Malta channel, heavy storms are common and originate from the NE and NW winds. Conversely, few tsunamis have been recorded in historical documents to have reached the Maltese archipelago.We present a multi-disciplinary study, which aims to define the characteristics of these boulder accumulations, in order to assess the coastal geo-hazard implications triggered by the sheer ability of extreme waves to detach and move large rocky blocks inland.The wave heights required to transport 77 coastal boulders were calculated using various hydrodynamic equations. Particular attention was given to the quantification of the input parameters required in the workings of these equations, such as size, density and distance from the coast. In addition, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14 C ages were determined from selected samples of marine organisms encrusted on some of the coastal boulders. The combination of the results obtained both by the hydrodynamic equations, which provided values comparable with those observed and measured during the storms, and radiocarbon dating suggests that the majority of the boulders have been detached and moved by intense storm waves. These boulders testify to the existence of a real hazard for the coasts of Malta, i.e. that of very high storm waves, which, during exceptional storms, are able to detach large blocks of volumes exceeding 10 m 3 from the coastal edge and the nearshore bottom, and also to transport them inland. Nevertheless, the occurrence of one or more tsunami events cannot be ruled out, since radiocarbon dating of some marine organisms did reveal ages which may be related to historically known tsunamis in the Mediterranean region, such as the ones in AD 963, 1329, 1693 and 1743.

show abstract

Modelling the processes of cliff-top erosion and deposition under extreme storm waves

Cited by 127 publications

References 22 publications

Terrestrial Laser Scanner techniques in the assessment of tsunami impact on the Maddalena peninsula (south-eastern Sicily, Italy)

Terrestrial Laser Scanner techniques in the assessment of tsunami impact on the Maddalena peninsula (south-eastern Sicily, Italy)

Block and boulder transport in Eastern Samar (Philippines) during Supertyphoon Haiyan

Boulder accumulations related to extreme wave events on the eastern coast of Malta

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About