Modelling the Shape and Growth of a Pear

Martins, Jorge; Rosa, Alan Rherison Silva; Martins, Susana Cristina da Costa; Fialho, D.; Abreu, J.P.J.L.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2008.800.41

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The model used here provided a satisfactory description of developing 'Condo' and 'Conference' pear. It differs from the single cone plus spherical cap model proposed by Martins et al (2008). The latter model was not suitable for the ' (B, D, F).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Russeting and Relative Growth Rate Are Positively Related in ‘Conference’ and ‘Condo’ Pear

Scharwies

Grimm

Knoche

2014

horts

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Russeting is an important surface disorder in fruit and mechanical growth stresses, among other factors, are considered causal in russet induction. To test this hypothesis, fruit development and russeting were monitored on a whole fruit level and also in the calyx, cheek, and neck region of developing 'Conference' and 'Condo' pear fruit (Pyrus communis L.). To quantify growth, the pear fruit was geometrically modeled as approximating to half of a prolate spheroid for the calyx region and two truncated cones for the cheek and neck regions, respectively. Mass and surface area of 'Conference' and 'Condo' fruit increased in a single sigmoidal pattern with time. Fruit volume, determined by buoyancy, using a hydrostatic balance, and the Archimedes' principle was closely related to that predicted by the model from fruit geometry. Growth rates of surface area in 'Conference' and 'Condo' peaked at ' '90 and 100 days after full bloom (DAFB), respectively, and were highest in the calyx followed by the cheek and neck regions. Relative growth rates, calculated by dividing growth rates by the absolute surface area present at that time, were at maximum during early development and thereafter continuously declined. In general, relative growth rates were highest for the cheek region, intermediate in the calyx, and lowest for the neck. 'Conference' fruit were always more russeted than 'Condo' with russeting generally decreasing from calyx to cheek and neck. Furthermore, russeting increased rapidly in 'Conference' during early development until ' '70 DAFB, particularly in the calyx and cheek regions and, to a lesser extent, in the neck region. There was little change in russeting after ' '70 DAFB. Plotting rates of russeting vs. relative growth rates in surface area indicate a positive and common relationship across regions where russeting increased when relative growth rates exceeded 0.03/day. Thus, differential growth rates between regions within 'Conference' or 'Condo', but not across the two cultivars, accounted for topical differences in russeting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…shape of the two cultivars used in the present study. Also, the model by Martins et al (2008) would have been unable to predict (relative) growth rates in different regions of the fruit, i.e., neck, cheek, and calyx. Clearly, some systematic deviations between the predicted and measured volumes remained, particularly as the fruit matured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Russeting and Relative Growth Rate Are Positively Related in ‘Conference’ and ‘Condo’ Pear

Scharwies

Grimm

Knoche

2014

horts

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“…Different types of seasonal growth curves of pears were reported elsewhere (Marsal et al, 2000;Arzani et al, 2008;Martins et al, 2008). While pear fruit ripening has been well studied, because of its importance in fruit harvest and storage (Garriz et al, 2008), there is still relatively little information on the growth pattern characteristic of each cultivar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model for Predicting Diameter of 'Red Sensation' Pears

Garriz¹,

Colavita²,

Alvarez³

et al. 2015

Acta Hortic.

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The pear cultivar 'Red Sensation' is showing popularity in the industry, because of its highly-colored, sweet and juicy fruit. Fruit size is critical for marketing pear; therefore, knowledge of growth dynamics becomes essential to program harvesting with minimum losses of size and flavor. The objective of this work was to develop a model to predict the seasonal growth for 'Red Sensation' pears, expressed in terms of fruit diameter as a function of time from full bloom. Fruit growth was followed at the Experimental Farm of the Universidad Nacional del Comahue, High Valley region, Río Negro, Argentina (38°56'S; 67°59'W), located in an arid region, with average annual rainfall of 250 mm, on a sandy loam soil, during the 2005-06, 2006-07, 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010-11 growing seasons. The orchard was irrigated by surface flooding, and cultural practices were performed according to the local standard program. Trees were selected at random, and maximum fruit diameter (FD) measurements were carried out every two weeks with a Vernier caliper. The range of sampling dates was 19 and 117 days after full bloom (DFB). Equations were developed with SYSTAT procedure. The R 2 values and residual mean squares were used to evaluate the goodness-to-fit of the models. Results showed that the following logistic model provided the most satisfactory fit to the pooled data (n=695), as compared to the power and linear equations: FD (mm)= 81.49/(1 + e 1.9865-0.0301 DFB ), R 2 =0.92, P<0.001. Fruit maximal absolute growth rate, derived from the selected function, was 0.61 mm/day. A prediction chart was based on the development of the equation and showed 'Red Sensation' pear sizes, at various times after 112 DFB, with practical application to aid crop marketing. This model can also be used for planning orchard practices such as thinning and irrigation.

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“…O modelo logístico, de Gompertz e de Richardson são alguns exemplos amplamente divulgados na descrição dos padrões de crescimento (Richards, 1969;Hunt, 1982;Seber & Wild, 1989;Garritz et al, 1993). A equação autocatalítica de três parâmetros é também usada no estudo de processos de crescimento biológicos, destacando-se por não introduzir perda de precisão face às equações convencionais de quatro parâmetros e por permitir um ajustamento mais rápido e facilitado pela estimativa dos parâmetros iniciais obtidos através da regressão linear da sua transformação logarítmica (Martins et al, 2008). Contudo, distingue-se das anteriores por não possuir inflexão, sendo a velocidade decrescente em todo o seu domínio (Alvarez & Boche, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A análise com base em acontecimentos cronológicos deve ser efetuada cuidadosamente, pois apesar de alguns autores confirmarem estas datas em pereira, Sterling (1954) verificou que a divisão celular na cultivar 'Bartlett' se prolongou até seis a oito SAPF na zona interior do fruto e até doze na periferia. Martins et al (2008) salientavam ainda a necessidade de introdução de uma alteração à equação inicial de forma a limitá-la superiormente, pois o crescimento dos frutos não é indefinido e tende a estabilizar na fase final de crescimento.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Simulação Do Crescimento Dos Frutos Da Pereira (Pyrus Communis L.) cv ‘rocha’ Com Base No Tempo Térmico

Sousa¹,

Melo-Abreu²

2021

Agrárias: Pesquisa E Inovação Nas Ciências Que Alimentam O Mundo VI

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O conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons Atribuição-Não-Comercial NãoDerivativos 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Direitos para esta edição cedidos à Editora Artemis pelos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento, desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, e sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.A responsabilidade pelo conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados, em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade é exclusiva dos autores. A Editora Artemis, em seu compromisso de manter e aperfeiçoar a qualidade e confiabilidade dos trabalhos que publica, conduz a avaliação cega pelos pares de todos manuscritos publicados, com base em critérios de neutralidade e imparcialidade acadêmica.

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Modelling the Shape and Growth of a Pear

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Russeting and Relative Growth Rate Are Positively Related in ‘Conference’ and ‘Condo’ Pear

Russeting and Relative Growth Rate Are Positively Related in ‘Conference’ and ‘Condo’ Pear

A Model for Predicting Diameter of 'Red Sensation' Pears

Simulação Do Crescimento Dos Frutos Da Pereira (Pyrus Communis L.) cv ‘rocha’ Com Base No Tempo Térmico

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