Models for the ballistic impact of fabric armour

Billon, H. H.; Robinson, Desmond

doi:10.1016/s0734-743x(00)00049-x

Cited by 94 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It has been demonstrated by several researchers that the ballistic limit V bl of a layered fabric system can be predicted by a simple empirical model of the form [20][21][22]:…”

Section: Prediction Of the Ballistic Limit And Perforation Threshold mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic performance of thermoplastic composite laminates made from aramid woven fabric and polypropylene matrix

et al. 2012

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In this paper, the ballistic behavior of multi-layer Kevlar ® aramid fabric/polypropylene (PP) composite laminate (CL) and plain layered aramid fabric (AF) impact specimens was investigated. It was found that the thermoplastic PP matrix increases the ballistic performance of CL targets when compared to AF targets with similar areal density, resulting in less aramid fabric needed to obtain the same level of protection when the PP matrix is incorporated. It was found that the improved ballistic performance of CL targets is due to the fact that the thermoplastic matrix enables energy-absorbing mechanisms such as fabric/matrix debonding and delamination. The ballistic limit and penetration threshold energy of the CL configurations, which were predicted using an empirical model, were found to be higher than those of the AF targets. These results show that aramid fabric/PP laminates should be further studied for improved ballistic performance at lower costs.

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“…It has been demonstrated by several researchers that the ballistic limit V bl of a layered fabric system can be predicted by a simple empirical model of the form [20][21][22]:…”

Section: Prediction Of the Ballistic Limit And Perforation Threshold mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic performance of thermoplastic composite laminates made from aramid woven fabric and polypropylene matrix

et al. 2012

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“…Earlier efforts to model the performance of a multilayered fibrous soft body armor system focused on either extrapolating results from a single layer system or assuming sequential failure through widely spaced layers where only one layer at a time engages the projectile, that is, a decoupled system [Roylance et al 1973;Hearle et al 1981;1984;Taylor Jr. and Vinson 1989;Parga-Landa and Hernandez-Olivers 1995;Chocron-Benloulo et al 1997;Cunniff 1999a;1999b;1999c;Billon and Robinson 2001;Zohdi 2002;Zohdi and Powell 2006]. Recently the authors have developed analytical models in which layers respond to the impact of a projectile in a coupled and synergistic manner, as they do in reality, but the layers are arranged in such a way that they form nested cones but without interference in the cone wave region or elsewhere [Phoenix and Porwal 2003;Porwal and Phoenix 2005].…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of layer stacking order on the V₅₀velocity of a two-layered hybrid armor system

Porwal

Phoenix

2008

JOMMS

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We develop a theoretical and computational model to investigate the ballistic response of a hybrid twolayered flexible armor system. In particular, we study the effects of stacking order of the two fibrous layers, which have distinctly different mechanical properties, on the V 50 limit velocity. A system consisting of Kevlar and Spectra fabrics is studied in detail. For this system, previous experimental results of Cunniff show nearly a factor of two difference in the V 50 velocities for the two possible stacking orders. The new model presented here extends our previous multilayer model by directly addressing interference effects between the two layers, treated here using length and tension compatibility along the radial direction away from the projectile. The primary task is to calculate strains in the individual layers in the presence of constraining interference that forces the nested layers to have a common impact cone shape different from what would be generated by the impact if the layers were allowed to deform freely. We show that this interference, together with relative areal densities of the layers, have a significant effect on the strain evolution in the layers, particularly near the edge of the projectile where failure initiates. As observed experimentally by Cunniff, our model predicts a large decrease in the V 50 velocity of the hybrid armor system when Spectra is the strike layer. However, to achieve this reduction it is necessary to use a lowered normalization velocity in multilayered Spectra systems than the theoretical value obtained from basic fiber properties. Besides matching the experimental results of Cunniff, the model reveals many subtle transitions in the onset and effects of interference between the layers. Somewhat surprising and contrary to conventional wisdom is the observation that layer interference can sometimes be beneficial depending on the relative mechanical properties and areal densities of the two layers.

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“…Analytical study is a powerful tool to completely understand the damage and energy dissipation mechanisms of composites (Naik and Doshi, 2005). Analytical investigations for composite materials under low to high impact velocities have been carried out and several theoretical models have been also proposed by many researchers (Wen, 2000;Billon and Robinson, 2001;Naik and Doshi, 2005). Experimental study is another significant method because it is not only closer to the real physical process but also is the base of the other methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Material Model for Composite Laminates in High-Velocity Impact Simulation

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2017

Lat. Am. j. solids struct.

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A numerical material model for composite laminate, was developed and integrated into the nonlinear dynamic explicit finite element programs as a material user subroutine. This model coupling nonlinear state of equation (EOS), was a macro-mechanics model, which was used to simulate the major mechanical behaviors of composite laminate under high-velocity impact conditions. The basic theoretical framework of the developed material model was introduced. An inverse flyer plate simulation was conducted, which demonstrated the advantage of the developed model in characterizing the nonlinear shock response. The developed model and its implementation were validated through a classic ballistic impact issue, i.e. projectile impacting on Kevlar29/Phenolic laminate. The failure modes and ballistic limit velocity were analyzed, and a good agreement was achieved when comparing with the analytical and experimental results. The computational capacity of this model, for Kevlar/Epoxy laminates with different architectures, i.e. plainwoven and cross-plied laminates, was further evaluated and the residual velocity curves and damage cone were accurately predicted.

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Models for the ballistic impact of fabric armour

Cited by 94 publications

References 11 publications

Ballistic performance of thermoplastic composite laminates made from aramid woven fabric and polypropylene matrix

Ballistic performance of thermoplastic composite laminates made from aramid woven fabric and polypropylene matrix

Effects of layer stacking order on the V₅₀velocity of a two-layered hybrid armor system

Numerical Material Model for Composite Laminates in High-Velocity Impact Simulation

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Models for the ballistic impact of fabric armour

Cited by 94 publications

References 11 publications

Ballistic performance of thermoplastic composite laminates made from aramid woven fabric and polypropylene matrix

Ballistic performance of thermoplastic composite laminates made from aramid woven fabric and polypropylene matrix

Effects of layer stacking order on the V50velocity of a two-layered hybrid armor system

Numerical Material Model for Composite Laminates in High-Velocity Impact Simulation

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Product

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Effects of layer stacking order on the V₅₀velocity of a two-layered hybrid armor system