Models of selective mating and the initiation of the Fisherian process

Takahasi, K. Ryo

doi:10.1098/rspb.1997.0117

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Takahasi (1997) emphasized the fact that, in the haploid model of Kirkpatrick (1982), the female preference must reach a threshold frequency, perhaps through genetic drift, before a runaway can occur when the rare male trait is disadvantageous. This presents a challenge to the effectiveness of the fixed‐relative preference scheme in generating conditions for runaway sexual selection, restricting runaway selection to cases in which the initial exaggeration of the male trait is favored by natural selection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutral curves or curves of quasi‐neutral equilibria have appeared in haploid, polygenic, and diploid models of Fisherian sexual selection that lack costs to being choosy (Kirkpatrick 1982;Lande 1981; Heisler and Curtsinger 1990; Takahasi 1997). Here we consider the diploid case and, using a QLE analysis, analytically derive general equations for the curves of quasi‐neutral equilibria and specify the conditions under which they are attracting or repelling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether attracting or repelling curves of equilibria are exhibited in the fixed mating preference model of sexual selection is thus sensitive to the ploidy of the organism involved and to the nature of dominance with respect to viability and mating success. Previous work has also shown that the repelling/attracting nature of the internal curves is sensitive to the exact type of preference model used, the pleiotropic nature and frequency of mutations affecting traits and preferences, and the fitness costs of mating preferences (Lande 1981; Seger 1985; Takahasi 1997; Hall et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution by Fisherian Sexual Selection in Diploids

Greenspoon¹,

Otto²

2009

Evolution

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Most models of Fisherian sexual selection assume haploidy. However, analytical models that focus on dynamics near fixation boundaries and simulations show that the resulting behavior depends on ploidy. Here we model sexual selection in a diploid to characterize behaviour away from fixation boundaries. The model assumes two di-allelic loci, a male-limited trait locus subject to viability selection, and a preference locus that determines a female's tendency to mate with males based on their genotype at the trait locus. Using a quasi-linkage equilibrium (QLE) approach, we find a general equation for the curves of quasi-neutral equilibria, and the conditions under which they are attracting or repelling. Unlike in the haploid model, the system can move away from the internal curve of equilibria in the diploid model. We show that this is the case when the combined forces of natural and sexual selection induce underdominance at the trait locus. Sexual selection is considered to be responsible for many striking and bizarre ornaments and mating behaviors found across the animal kingdom. Although there is a large body of theoretical treatment of sexual selection, most studies make simplifying genetic assumptions, such as haploidy or infinitesimally small polygenic inheritance, to make the math more tractable. However, most animal species that exhibit the ornaments attributed to evolution by sexual selection are diploid. This would not concern us if haploid and diploid models behaved identically. However, the small number of studies that have considered sexual selection in diploids have shown that different and unexpected behavior can occur.Using computer simulations, Heisler and Curtsinger (1990) studied a model of diploid Fisherian sexual selection. Among the cases that they considered is a two-locus diploid model analogous to the haploid model considered by Kirkpatrick (1982) in his seminal paper on sexual selection. Unlike Kirkpatrick (1982) who showed the existence of neutrally stable curves, Heisler and Curtsinger (1990) showed that neutrally stable curves do not exist for any of the parameter sets considered, except under a special case of complete dominance at the trait locus. In some cases, trait and preference frequencies tended toward a curve but then moved slowly along it, whereas in other cases the system appeared to move away from a curve. The latter behavior was associated with heterozygote disadvantage of the trait in the numerical examples considered, but the exact conditions under which these two types of behaviors arise remained unclear, and the authors concluded that there was "a definite need for further analysis of diploid sexual selection models."Two studies have made analytical progress by describing the behavior of the diploid two-locus model when either the trait or preference locus is nearly fixed. Gomulkiewicz and Hastings (1990) studied dynamics near fixation at the trait locus. They found that the stability properties of the fixation boundaries were similar in their diploid model and the haplo...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution by Fisherian Sexual Selection in Diploids

Greenspoon¹,

Otto²

2009

Evolution

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“…A considerable theoretical literature exists on the population genetics of Fisher's &dquo;runaway&dquo; process of sexual selection (e.g., Fisher, 1958;Lande, 1981;Kirkpatrick, 1985; Barton and Turelli, 1991;Iwasa and Pomiankowski, 1995; Kirkpatrick and Barton, 1997;Takahasi, 1997). However, only a small fraction of this literature has employed models that consider diploid inheritance rather than haploid or quantitative models despite evidence diploid models may have some dynamics not captured in other types of models (Curtsinger and Heisler, 1988;Gomulkiewicz and Hastings, 1990;Heisler and Curtsinger, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of Genetic Dominance on Runaway Sexual Selection

Noor

2000

Adaptive Behavior

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Distinguishing among theories of sexual selection requires that one develop diagnostic predictions that can be tested in living systems. Recently, genetic studies of female species preferences in Drosophila supported the predictions of a model of sexual selection through pleiotropy with adaptive traits: preferences generally behaved as recessive characters. However, the dominance predictions of female preferences resulting from runaway sexual selection have not been investigated. Here, I present an extension of previous simulation models of runaway sexual selection by varying the dominance of the female preference and incorporating genetic drift. I show that runaway sexual selection is generally more likely to favor the evolution of dominant female preferences than recessive ones. Also, in contrast to the results of a previous study, dominant preferred male characters spread more quickly by runaway sexual selection than recessive ones under some conditions. Overall, the predictions derived from this model of runaway sexual selection are not supported by empirical data on the genetic basis of species preferences, suggesting that runaway sexual selection may not be a major force in the evolution of such preferences. More empirical studies will be necessary to further evaluate both the predictions and the assumptions of this model, however.

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“…Although direct selection on mate preferences drastically alters the stability of the equilibrium line, the Fisherian runaway process can still continue even when mate preferences are under strong selection (Hall, Kirkpatrick, & West, 2000). Kirkpatrick's haploid version of the null model of sexual selection (Kirkpatrick, 1982) and subsequent models expanding Kirkpatrick's original model (Bulmer, 1989;Seger, 1985;Seger & Trivers, 1986;Takahasi, 1997) analyze the effects of mate preference strengths on the shape and stability of the equilibrium line. In contrast, here, we investigate what can happen away from the line.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of female preference intensity on the permissiveness of sexual trait polymorphisms

Ponkshe

Endler

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Recent developments in sexual selection theory suggest that on their own, mate preferences can promote the maintenance of sexual trait diversity. However, how mate preferences constrain the permissiveness of sexual trait diversity in different environmental regimes remains an open question. Here, we examine how a range of mate choice parameters affect the permissiveness of sexual trait polymorphism under several selection regimes. We use the null model of sexual selection and show that environments with strong assortative mating significantly increase the permissiveness of sexual trait polymorphism. We show that for a given change in mate choice parameters, the permissiveness of polymorphism changes more in environments with strong natural selection on sexual traits than in environments with weak selection. Sets of nearly stable polymorphic populations with weak assortative mating are more likely to show accidental divergence in sexual traits than sets of populations with strong assortative mating. The permissiveness of sexual trait polymorphism critically depends upon particular combinations of natural selection and mate choice parameters.

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Models of selective mating and the initiation of the Fisherian process

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Evolution by Fisherian Sexual Selection in Diploids

Evolution by Fisherian Sexual Selection in Diploids

Effects of Genetic Dominance on Runaway Sexual Selection

Effects of female preference intensity on the permissiveness of sexual trait polymorphisms

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