Moderate‐ and High‐Intensity Exercise Improves Lipoprotein Profile and Cholesterol Efflux Capacity in Healthy Young Men

Stanton, K.; Kienzle, Vivian; Dinnes, Donna Lee M.; Kotchetkov, Irina; Jessup, Wendy; Kritharides, Leonard; Celermajer, David S.; Rye, Kerry‐Anne

doi:10.1161/jaha.121.023386

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Moreover, another study reported that daily exercise enhanced antioxidative activity of HDL in middle-aged women [50 ▪ ]. Consistent with these results, both moderate and intense exercise improved cholesterol efflux to HDL in young men [51 ▪ ]. Finally, in another study, both moderate and intense exercise was able to improve antioxidative capacity of HDL [52 ▪▪ ].…”

Section: High-density Lipoprotein and Energy Expenditurementioning

confidence: 52%

Sweet swell of burning fat: emerging role of high-density lipoprotein in energy homeostasis

Kontush,

Martin,

Brites

2023

Current Opinion in Lipidology

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Purpose of review Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL), plays a central role in energy homeostasis. Mechanisms underlying the relationship between energy homeostasis and HDL however remain poorly studied. Recent findings Available evidence reveals that HDL is implicated in energy homeostasis. Circulating high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are affected by energy production, raising with increasing resting metabolic rate. Lipolysis of triglycerides as a source of energy decreases plasma levels of remnant cholesterol, increases levels of HDL-C, and can be cardioprotective. Switch to preferential energy production from carbohydrates exerts opposite effects. Summary Low HDL-C may represent a biomarker of inefficient energy production from fats. HDL-C-raising can be beneficial when it reflects enhanced energy production from burning fat.

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Section: High-density Lipoprotein and Energy Expenditurementioning

confidence: 52%

Sweet swell of burning fat: emerging role of high-density lipoprotein in energy homeostasis

Kontush,

Martin,

Brites

2023

Current Opinion in Lipidology

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“…Meanwhile, there is some evidence that aerobic exercise has a neutral effect on lowering triglyceride levels. 34 35 Although the impact of regular exercise on reducing atherosclerotic CVD risk is undeniable, 36 37 additional research in Korean databases is required to validate the impact of exercise on triglyceride levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Prevalence of Hypertriglyceridemia and Related Factors in Korean Adults: A Serial Cross-Sectional Study

Park

Hong

Kim

et al. 2023

J Lipid Atheroscler

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Objective We aimed to investigate the longitudinal trends in prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in Korean adults and hypertriglyceridemia-associated lifestyle habits, socioeconomic factors and comorbidities. Methods Data from the 2007–2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used in this study. Two cutoff values (≥150 mg/dL and ≥200 mg/dL) for fasting serum triglyceride levels were used to estimate the age- and sex-specific prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia. Use of lipid-lowering medications, lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and regular exercise, socioeconomic variables such as educational attainment and household income, and comorbidities such as obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were also investigated. Results The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia among Koreans based on KNHANES 2007–2020 was 29.6% at ≥150 mg/dL and 16.1% at ≥200 mg/dL. While the rate of using lipid-lowering medications increased steadily from 2007 to 2020, changes in annual prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia were subtle. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in men peaked in middle age (47.7% and 30.0% for ≥150 mg/dL and ≥200 mg/dL, respectively, in their 40s), but its prevalence in women increased throughout their lifetime (32.6% and 14.7% for ≥150 mg/dL and ≥200 mg/dL, respectively, in their 70s). Smoking and high-risk drinking exacerbated peak prevalence in both sexes. Young adults with any comorbidities had prominently increased prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia. The lowest levels of education and income were both associated with the higher prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in both sexes. Conclusion It is important to understand the age- and sex-specific epidemiology of hypertriglyceridemia to establish its appropriate management plans.

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“…Furthermore, an increase in HDL-C quantity was not accompanied by the enhancement of HDL quality, such as increases in particle size and antioxidant ability. Healthy young men who completed a 12-week moderate-intensity exercise program as military soldiers [ 35 ] showed an elevation of HDL-C and apoA-I but without an increase in HDL particle size, even though their cholesterol efflux was enhanced. On the other hand, the anti-inflammatory properties of HDL were enhanced in these soldiers, but the antioxidant ability of HDL was not determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Quantity and Quality by Regular and Habitual Exercise in Middle-Aged Women with Improvements in Lipid and Apolipoprotein Profiles: Larger Particle Size and Higher Antioxidant Ability of HDL

Cho

Nam²,

Kang³

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Regular exercise, especially aerobic exercise, is beneficial for increasing serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the general population. In addition to the HDL-C quantity, exercise enhances HDL functionality, antioxidants, and cholesterol efflux. On the other hand, the optimal intensity and frequency of exercise to increase HDL quantity and enhance HDL quality in middle-aged women need to be determined. The current study was designed to compare the changes in HDL quantity and quality among middle-aged women depending on exercise intensity, frequency, and duration; participants were divided into a sedentary group (group 1), a middle-intensity group (group 2), and a high-intensity group (group 3). There were no differences in anthropometric parameters among the groups, including blood pressure, muscle mass, and handgrip strength. Although there was no difference in serum total cholesterol (TC) among the groups, the serum HDL-C and apolipoprotein (apo)A-I levels remarkably increased to 17% and 12%, respectively, in group 3. Serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), glucose, triglyceride, and the apo-B/apoA-I ratio were remarkably decreased in the exercise groups depending on the exercise intensity; group 3 showed 13%, 10%, and 45% lower LDL-C, glucose, and triglyceride (TG), respectively, than group 1. The hepatic and muscle damage parameter, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), was significantly decreased in the exercise groups, but high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GTP) were similar in the three groups. In LDL, the particle size was increased 1.5-fold (p < 0.001), and the oxidation extent was decreased by 40% with a 23% lower TG content in group 3 than in group 1. In the exercise groups (groups 2 and 3), LDL showed the slowest electromobility with a distinct band intensity compared to the sedentary group (group 1). In HDL2, the particle size was 2.1-fold increased (p < 0.001) in the exercise group (group 3) with a 1.5-fold increase in TC content compared to that in group 1, as well as significantly enhanced antioxidant abilities, paraoxonase (PON) activity, and ferric ion reduction ability (FRA). In HDL3, the particle size was increased 1.2-fold with a 45% reduction in TG in group 3 compared to group 1. With increasing exercise intensity, apoA-I expression was increased in HDL2 and HDL3, and PON activity and FRA were enhanced (p < 0.001). In conclusion, regular exercise in middle-aged women is associated with the elevation of serum HDL-C and apoA-I with the enhancement of HDL quality and functionality and an increase in the TC content, particle size, and antioxidant abilities. With the reduction in TG and oxidized products in LDL and HDL, lipoproteins could have more anti-atherogenic properties through regular exercise in an intensity-dependent manner.

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Moderate‐ and High‐Intensity Exercise Improves Lipoprotein Profile and Cholesterol Efflux Capacity in Healthy Young Men

Cited by 14 publications

References 60 publications

Sweet swell of burning fat: emerging role of high-density lipoprotein in energy homeostasis

Sweet swell of burning fat: emerging role of high-density lipoprotein in energy homeostasis

Trends in Prevalence of Hypertriglyceridemia and Related Factors in Korean Adults: A Serial Cross-Sectional Study

Enhancement of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Quantity and Quality by Regular and Habitual Exercise in Middle-Aged Women with Improvements in Lipid and Apolipoprotein Profiles: Larger Particle Size and Higher Antioxidant Ability of HDL

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