Moderate effects of apple juice consumption on obesity-related markers in obese men: impact of diet–gene interaction on body fat content

Abstract

The observed diet-gene interaction might be a first indication for the impact of individual genetic background on CloA-mediated bioactivity on obesity-associated comorbidities.

Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Foods and Derived Products Containing Ellagitannins and Anthocyanins on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers: Analysis of Factors Influencing Variability of the Individual Responses

“…In this regard, an increasing number of genetic variants has been identified and related to obesity and diet-interaction and, the studied population has been segregated into groups of responders and non-responders in association with the specific genetic variations [190]. A number of studies have now also looked at the role of specific host genetic variants in response to the consumption of polyphenols or polyphenol-containing products, including genetic polymorphisms involved in: (i) the metabolism and transport of polyphenols such as Catechol- O -methyl transferase [191] or phase II enzymes UGT1A1 [192] and (ii) the cardiometabolic responses such as the lipid and blood pressure variation associated with the apolipoprotein e genotype in response to quercetin in overweight people [193] or the interaction between the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism and the reduction of body fat following the intake of a polyphenol-rich apple juice [194]. More genes and polymorphisms involved in the response to polyphenols need to be identified and more RCTs need to be performed reporting and associating the presence of those relevant genetic polymorphisms, as well the microbiota composition and microbiota-derived metabolic phenotype with the differences in the response of the individuals to the consumption plant food bioactive compounds.…”

Apple as a Source of Dietary Phytonutrients: Bioavailability and Evidence of Protective Effects against Human Cardiovascular Disease

“…Moreover, a recent study by Barth et al (2012) has demonstrated no significant effect of moderate intake of apple juice on plasma lipids in obese men. However a decrease in the percent body fat in obese patients was demonstrated [50].…”

Polyphenol Levels Are Inversely Correlated with Body Weight and Obesity in an Elderly Population after 5 Years of Follow Up (The Randomised PREDIMED Study)

“…Evidence for the effects of polyphenols on obesity parameters in humans is inconsistent, possibly due to divergence among study designs, characteristics of the participants, and metabolic pathways. Although some intervention clinical trials with polyphenol-enriched food or polyphenol extracts do not show any effect on weight or waist circumference [10,11,12], other studies have reported that polyphenols reduce body weight and increase energy expenditure [13,14,15,16]. The oral bioavailability of polyphenols is particularly important because, after being modified and metabolized by enzymes, their concentration in tissues and biological fluids is quite low [9,12,15,17].…”