Polyphenol Levels Are Inversely Correlated with Body Weight and Obesity in an Elderly Population after 5 Years of Follow Up (The Randomised PREDIMED Study)

Abstract

Overweight and obesity have been steadily increasing in recent years and currently represent a serious threat to public health. Few human studies have investigated the relationship between polyphenol intake and body weight. Our aim was to assess the relationship between urinary polyphenol levels and body weight. A cross-sectional study was performed with 573 participants from the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial (ISRCTN35739639). Total polyphenol levels were measured by a reliable biomarker, total urinary polyphenol excretion (TPE), determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method in urine samples. Participants were categorized into five groups according to their TPE at the fifth year. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the relationships between TPE and obesity parameters; body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). After a five years follow up, significant inverse correlations were observed between TPE at the 5th year and BW (β = −1.004; 95% CI: −1.634 to −0.375, p = 0.002), BMI (β = −0.320; 95% CI: −0.541 to −0.098, p = 0.005), WC (β = −0.742; 95% CI: −1.326 to −0.158, p = 0.013), and WHtR (β = −0.408; 95% CI: −0.788 to −0.028, p = 0.036) after adjustments for potential confounders. To conclude, a greater polyphenol intake may thus contribute to reducing body weight in elderly people at high cardiovascular risk.

Body Mass Index as a Determinant of Systemic Exposure to Gallotannin Metabolites during 6‐Week Consumption of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and Modulation of Intestinal Microbiota in Lean and Obese Individuals

“…Obesity may impact pharmacokinetics of polyphenols by lowering absorption and metabolism, while increasing excretion . This may, in part, be due to altered polyphenolic transport and metabolism in the liver and colon .…”

Polyphenols: A concise overview on the chemistry, occurrence, and human health

“…Specifically, flavanones, flavones and lignans intake resulted in less notable increase in body mass index; flavanones, flavones, hydroxycinnamic acids, and lignans intake was associated to a less notable increase in waist circumference (Adriouch et al, ). A cross‐sectional study was performed with 573 participants at high cardiovascular risk; after 5‐year follow‐up, significant inverse correlation between total urinary polyphenol excretion and body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist‐to‐height ratio was observed (Guo et al, )…”

“…Hydroxybenzoic acids are known mainly due to their antioxidant properties with a potential in chronic diseases. Epidemiological studies have revealed inverse association between hydroxybenozoic acids intake and the risk of cardiovascular diseases and obesity (Guo et al, 2017;Tresserra-Rimbau et al, 2014a;Tresserra-Rimbau et al, 2014b).…”

“…Specifically, flavanones, flavones and lignans intake resulted in less notable increase in body mass index; flavanones, flavones, hydroxycinnamic acids, and lignans intake was associated to a less notable increase in waist circumference (Adriouch et al, 2018). A cross-sectional study was performed with 573 participants at high cardiovascular risk; after 5-year follow-up, significant inverse correlation between total urinary polyphenol excretion and body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio was observed (Guo et al, 2017) Finally, a systematic review of 19 randomized controlled trials concluded that further research is required before suggesting a role of polyphenol intake in reducing weight in overweight and obese individuals. Only nine out of 19 trials studies showed a significant decrease in weight (Farhat et al, 2017).…”

Recent progress in the use of functional foods for older adults: A narrative review

“…For example, a prospective study with 807 participants over 65 years of age observed a 30% decreased mortality risk in individuals with higher total urinary polyphenol (Zamora‐Ros et al., ). In a cross‐sectional study of a cohort of older adults ( n = 573, 67.2 years old), at high CVD risk, a higher intake of polyphenol was inversely associated with body weight ( β = −1.004; 95% CI [−1.634, −0.375], p = .002) suggesting that it may be contributing factor to the body weight reduction in older adults (Guo et al., ).…”