Modern Applications of 3D Printing: The Case of an Artificial Ear Splint Model

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a leading manufacturing technique in the medical field. The constantly improving quality of 3D printers has revolutionized the approach to new challenges in medicine for a wide range of applications including otoplasty, medical devices, and tissue engineering. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of an artificial ear splint model applied to the human auricle for the treatment of stick-out protruding ears. The deformity of stick-out protruding ears remains a significant challenge, where the complex and distinctive shape preservation are key factors. To address this challenge, we have developed a protocol that involves photogrammetry techniques, reverse engineering technologies, a smart prototype design, and 3D printing processes. Specifically, we fabricated a 3D printed ear splint model via fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology by testing two materials, a thermoplastic polyester elastomer material (Z-Flex) and polycaprolactone (PCL 100). Our strategy affords a custom-made and patient-specific artificial ear aligner with mechanical properties that ensures sufficient preservation of the auricular shape by applying a force on the helix and antihelix and enables the ears to pin back to the head.

Cost-effective 3D scanning and printing technologies for outer ear reconstruction: current status

“…A complete protocol was developed for FDM printing using two different materials to address the challenge of reconstructing stick-out ears [ 102 ]. This method applied the steps of scanning, reverse engineering, individual prototype design, and printing, focusing on the mechanical properties and preservation of the auricular shape.…”

Use of 3d printing technology in the treatment of microtia and other outer ear deformities

“…[3] Wykorzystanie modelu 3D jako spersonalizowanej szyny Argyropolous i wsp. [4] w swoim badaniu sprawdzili, czy druk 3D może mieć zastosowanie w leczeniu odstających uszu za pomocą indywidualnie wyprodukowanej szyny.…”

“…Potrzebne jest jednak więcej badań z wykorzystaniem większej ilości pacjentów, a także przy użyciu innych materiałów i metod druku 3D. [4] Podobne badanie przeprowadzili Xu i wsp. [5] na pacjentach z mikrocją którzy przeszli operację podniesienia uszu.…”