Modern Coastal Mangrove Swamp Stratigraphy and the Ideal Cyclothem

Scholl, David W.

doi:10.1130/spe114-p37

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In these cases roots or canopies snag in deeper water and wave action orients the floating trunks perpendicular to the shore. This process has been noted by Fritz and Harrison (1985) and can be seen in Plate 1 of Scholl (1969). Visser et al (1980) also mention the importance of wave reorientation in producing oriented log accumulations stranded on distal bar deposits.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 67%

A Pennsylvanian-Age Terrestrial Storm Deposit: Using Plant Fossils to Characterize the History and Process of Sediment Accumulation

Wnuk

Pfefferkorn

1987

SEPM JSR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AasrRAcr: A thin black shale overlying the B-enal underclay (in the Middle Pennsylvanian post-Pottsville strata of the Bernice Basin) contains a compression flora composed of large, prostrate, unidirectionally oriented lycopod trunks and randomly oriented pteridosperm stems. Analyses of modem log accumulations indicate that unidirectional trunk orientations can be produced by riverflood currents, volcanic blasts, and most high-energy windstorms. Since there are neither fluvial sediments nor ash deposits associated with the Bernice assemblage, this deposit is believed to have been formed by high-energy winds. Furthermore, this deposit is interpreted to be in situ because storm winds (and volcanic blasts) rarely have sufficient energy for the physical transport of large, intact tree trunks.The sedimentary history of the B-coal underclay can be determined from the successional changes in the species and plant part compositions (leaves, seeds, branches, trunks, etc.) of the preserved plant material. The underclay is an accrefionary floodplain soil which aceurnulated as discrete increments during episodic floods. The sediments deposited with each flood incorporated the litter layer of the lycopod-pteridosperm forest which occupied this site. Ordinarily, the flood water would recede, and renewed root growth would destroy the primary sedimentary structures and the newly incorporated organic material. Because the bedding and forest litter are preserved in the top 5 cm of the underclay, root growth and silt deposition must have been terrninated by the last flooding event. The site eventually became laermanenfly inundated, and an organic-rich mud began to accumulate in the resulting floodplain lake. The lycopod-pteridosperm forest drowned and, at some later time, was blown down into the lake. The trunks are preserved on a single bedding plane in a 2-cm-thick, organic-rich lacustrine black shale. Continued organic accumulation in the lake resulted in the accumulation of a hypautochthonous peat which eventually was colonized by a peat-forming flora.

show abstract

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 67%