Modification of a Phenolic Resin with Epoxy- and  Methacrylate-Functionalized Silica Sols to Improve the Ablation Resistance of Their Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Hu, Yu; Geng, Wenlong; You, Hong; Wang, Youshan; Loy, Douglas A.

doi:10.3390/polym6010105

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Shimin Kang et al used Humins to synthesize Humin-Phenol-Formaldehyde [11]. Yu Hu et al used epoxy- and methacrylate-functionalized silica sols-modified phenolic resin to improve the ablation resistance of their glass fiber-reinforced composites [12]. Zeya Li et al synthesized iron-modified phenolic resin by grafting iron ions into a phenolic resin structure via a coordination reaction [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preparation and Properties of Terephthalyl-Alcohol-Modified Phenolic Foam with High Heat Aging Resistance

Tang

et al. 2019

Polymers

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In this experiment, terephthalyl alcohol was used as a modifier to modify phenol under both acidic and alkaline conditions to obtain modified phenols with different molecular structures. Subsequently, the modified phenols reacted with paraformaldehyde in an alkaline environment. After foaming and curing, a modified phenolic foam with high heat aging resistance was obtained. The molecular structure was characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR). The results showed that two different structures of phenolic resin can be successfully prepared under different conditions of acid and alkali. The modified phenolic foam was tested by thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, the modified phenolic foam was tested for mass change rate, dimensional change rate, powdering rate, water absorption rate, and compressive strength before and after aging. The results show that the modified phenolic foam has excellent performance. After heat aging for 24 h, the mass loss rate of the modified phenolic foam obtained by acid catalysis was as low as 4.5%, the pulverization rate was only increased by 3.2%, and the water absorption of the modified phenolic foam increased by 0.77%, which is one-third that of the phenolic foam. Compared with the phenolic foam, the modified phenolic foam shows good heat aging resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preparation and Properties of Terephthalyl-Alcohol-Modified Phenolic Foam with High Heat Aging Resistance

Tang

et al. 2019

Polymers

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“…Applying DOPO-ITA modified ethyl cellulose to the preparation of phenolic foam significantly improved the mechanical strength and heat resistance of the modified foam [5]. A modification of a phenolic resin with epoxy methacrylate functionalized silica sols to improve the ablation resistance of their glass fiber-reinforced composites [6]. Mirski et al, who used esters of different carbon chain lengths to modify the phenolic resin for the molecular structure, found that the modified phenolic resin exhibited a shorter gel time and lower activation energy at 130 °C [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Properties of Acetoacetic Ester-Terminated Polyether Pre-Synthesis Modified Phenolic Foam

Tang

2019

Materials

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In the present study, acetoacetic ester-terminated polyether was selected as a modifier to prepare a new type of polyether phenolic resin, which was successfully prepared by pre-synthesis modification. It is used to prepare interpenetrating cross-linked network structure modified phenolic foam with excellent mechanical properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR, 13C NMR) were used to characterize the molecular structure of the polyether phenolic resin. The results showed that the acetoacetic ester-terminated polyether successfully modified the phenolic resin and introduced a polyether skeleton into the resin structure. The effect of changing the added amount of acetoacetic ester-terminated polyether from 10% to 20% of the phenol content on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the modified phenolic foam was investigated. The results showed that when the amount of acetoacetic ester-terminated polyether was 16% the amount of phenol, this resulted in the best toughness of the modified foam, which had a bending deflection that could be increased to more than three times that of the base phenolic foam. The modified phenolic foam cell diameter was reduced by 36.3%, and the distribution was more uniform, which formed a denser network structure than that of the base phenolic foam. The bending strength was increased by 0.85 MPa, and the pulverization rate was as low as 1.3%.

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“…Therefore, ablative materials should have good ablation resistance to endure severe high-temperature conditions. Thermosetting resins such as phenolic-based composites are widely used as ablative materials because of the high char yield generated by the resin matrix [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. However, ablatives should also be flexible in some applications to resist the high stress produced by combustion gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Ablation Resistance of Silicone Rubber Composites by Introducing Montmorillonite and Silicon Carbide Whisker

et al. 2016

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Montmorillonite (MMT) was added to silicone rubber (SR) to improve the ablation resistance of the silicone. Following this, different quantities of silicon carbide whiskers (SiCw) were incorporated into the MMT/SR to yield a hybrid, ablative composite. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite increased after the addition of MMT. The ablation test results showed that MMT helped to form a covering layer by bonding with the silica and other components on the ablated surface. The linear and mass ablation rates exhibited decreases of 22.5% and 18.2%, respectively, in comparison to a control sample. After further incorporation of SiCw as the second filler, the resulting composites exhibited significantly higher tensile strength and ablation resistance, but not particularly lower elongation at break in comparison to the control sample. The SiCw/MMT fillers were beneficial in forming a dense and compact covering layer that delayed the heat and oxygen diffusion into the inner layers, which improved the ablation properties effectively. The remaining whiskers acted as a micro skeleton to maintain the composite's char strength. Compared to the control sample, the linear and mass ablation rates of the composite after incorporating 6 phr SiCw and 10 phr MMT decreased by 59.2% and 43.6%, respectively. These experimental results showed that the fabricated composites exhibited outstanding mechanical properties and excellent ablation resistance.

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Modification of a Phenolic Resin with Epoxy- and Methacrylate-Functionalized Silica Sols to Improve the Ablation Resistance of Their Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

The Preparation and Properties of Terephthalyl-Alcohol-Modified Phenolic Foam with High Heat Aging Resistance

The Preparation and Properties of Terephthalyl-Alcohol-Modified Phenolic Foam with High Heat Aging Resistance

Preparation and Properties of Acetoacetic Ester-Terminated Polyether Pre-Synthesis Modified Phenolic Foam

Improved Ablation Resistance of Silicone Rubber Composites by Introducing Montmorillonite and Silicon Carbide Whisker

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